SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2021
Risk of Cardiac Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-related cardiovascular toxicities of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in solid tumors: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced cardiotoxicity: from immune mechanisms to clinical surveillance and targeted therapies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- MiRNA Regulations in Cardiotoxicity Induced by Oncologic Therapies and Possible Immune Response.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated arrhythmias: clinical challenges, artificial intelligence-enhanced monitoring, and management strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity: mechanisms and mitigations.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- Immuno-related cardio-vascular adverse events associated with immuno-oncological treatments: an under-estimated threat for cancer patients.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Review
- The role of immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 in cardiovascular complications leading to heart failure.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway in myocardial infarction: a review from pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- The Good (Tumor Killing) and the Bad (Cardiovascular Complications) of Immunologic Checkpoint Inhibitors.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular adverse events and immune-related adverse events associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pumping Up the Standards: A Call for Improved Cardiovascular Event Reporting in Oncology Trials.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Advances in research on molecular markers in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis.Cancer innovation · 2023Review
- A retrospective cohort study on the cardiotoxicity incidence rates of immune checkpoint inhibitors for oncology patients.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Cardiac Adverse Events with Nivolumab Using a Japanese Real-World Database.Clinical drug investigation · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Associated Cardiotoxicity.Cancers · 2022Article
- Overcoming the cardiac toxicities of cancer therapy immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risks of cardiac adverse events in solid tumor patients treated with monotherapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or combined therapy of ICIs plus chemotherapy.
methodsEligible studies were selected through the following databases: PubMed, Embase and clinical trials (https://clinicaltrials.gov.) and included phase III/IV randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with the solid tumor treated with ICIs. The data was analyzed by using Review Manager (version5.3), Stata (version 15.1).
resultsAmong 2,551 studies, 25 clinical trials including 20,244 patients were qualified for the meta-analysis. Compared with PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) or CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) plus CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab) combined therapy showed significant increase in grade 5 arrhythmology (OR 3.90, 95% CI: 1.08-14.06, p = 0.603). PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy show significant increase in grades 1-5 myocardial disease (OR 5.09, 95% CI: 1.11-23.32, p = 1.000). Compared with chemotherapy, PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) or CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) plus CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab) combined therapy show significant increase in grades 1-5 arrhythmology (OR 2.49, 95% CI: 1.30-4.78, p = 0.289).
conclusionsOur meta-analysis demonstrated that PD-1 inhibitor plus CTLA-4 inhibitor can result in a higher risk of grade 5 arrhythmology in comparison with PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor alone, and a higher risk of grade 5 arrhythmology in comparison with chemotherapy. PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy treatment could increase the risk of all-grade myocardial disease compared with chemotherapy. However, in most cases, there was no significant increase of risks of cardiovascular toxicity in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.