ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Therapeutic Induction of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer Through Stromal Remodeling.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep learning-based CT model for non-invasive prediction of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic cancer: a multicenter study with prospective validation in an immunochemotherapy cohort.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Integrated Spatial and Bulk Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies a Multicellular Ecosystem Involved in Progression of Young Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: their development, composition, clinical prognosis, and the drivers of the anti-tumor responses.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- IL-15 and IL-21 synergy improves anti-tumor efficacy of iPSC-derived cytotoxic T cells in solid tumors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Beyond TLS Presence: A Functional Framework Integrating Maturity, Location, and Immune Context.Cancers · 2026Review
- ISPAT-3D: Spatially Varying Conditional Volumetric Network Estimation for 3D Tumor Imaging.Research square · 2026Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer: Mechanistic insights, subtype-specific patterns, and therapeutic implications.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Defining the rules of engagement: B cells, antibodies and cancer control.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- ISPAT-3D: Spatially Varying Conditional Volumetric Network Estimation for 3D Tumor Imaging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Emerging Role of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers of Immunotherapy in Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- The evolving role of the immune microenvironment of tumor draining lymph nodes in the development of biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in neoadjuvant cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatial compartmentalization shapes distinct germinal center states during respiratory viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic roles and clinical applications of tertiary lymphoid structures in colorectal cancer drug resistance.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structure topotypes in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: spatial immunity, checkpoint-response associations, and therapeutic reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: spatiotemporal heterogeneity, immune orchestration, and translational opportunities.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Thymopentin Enhances Antitumor Immunity Through Thymic Rejuvenation and T Cell Functional Reprogramming.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in Merkel cell carcinoma facilitate naïve and central memory T-cell infiltration linked to immunotherapy response.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- In-depth insight into tumor-infiltrating stromal cells linked to tertiary lymphoid structures and their prospective function in cancer immunotherapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Improving the effectiveness of anti-cancer immunotherapy remains a major clinical challenge. Cytotoxic T cell infiltration is crucial for immune-mediated tumor rejection, however, the suppressive tumor microenvironment impedes their recruitment, activation, maturation and function. Nevertheless, solid tumors can harbor specialized lymph node vasculature and immune cell clusters that are organized into tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). These TLS support naïve T cell infiltration and intratumoral priming. In many human cancers, their presence is a positive prognostic factor, and importantly, predictive for responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. Thus, therapeutic induction of TLS is an attractive concept to boost anti-cancer immunotherapy. However, our understanding of how cancer-associated TLS could be initiated is rudimentary. Exciting new reagents which induce TLS in preclinical cancer models provide mechanistic insights into the exquisite stromal orchestration of TLS formation, a process often associated with a more functional or "normalized" tumor vasculature and fueled by LIGHT/LTα/LTβ, TNFα and CC/CXC chemokine signaling. These emerging insights provide innovative opportunities to induce and shape TLS in the tumor microenvironment to improve immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.