ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Impact of Bacterial Metabolites on Gut Barrier Function and Host Immunity: A Focus on Bacterial Metabolism and Its Relevance for Intestinal Inflammation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 338 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
338 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Celiac disease and the gut microbiota: bibliometric mapping of research hotspots and immune-mechanistic trends.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Global landscape and knowledge structure of research on pancreatitis and gut microbiota: a bibliometric analysis based on WoSCC and Scopus (2006 - 2025).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Major heavy metals and human gut microbiota composition: a systematic review with nutritional approach.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Short-term sleep restriction in humans alters diurnal circulating metabolite profiles, including those of microbial origin.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Trial
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of the synbiotic medical food, SBD111, for the clinical dietary management of bone loss in menopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Trial
- Novel probiotic preparation withMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Trial
- A naturalized gut microbiome interacts with dietary fibers to protect against colonic inflammation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Article
- Microbial metabolite Enterobactin impairs mitochondrial respiration and alleviates colitis.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The putative role of the microbiota in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders following early childhood malnutrition.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The gut microbiota-tryptophan metabolism-immune axis in inflammatory bowel disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and uric acid excretion signaling in pathogenesis of hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis.iScience · 2026Article
- From metabolites to membrane vesicles: Unifying gut microbial signals in obesity, t2dm, and MASLD.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Amino Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2026Review
- Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Disrupts Intestinal Homeostasis Through Gut Microbiota Remodeling and Microbiota-Metabolite Interactions.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates adverse pregnancy outcomes and intestinal injury in experimental malaria.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Cyclophosphamide alters gut microbiota metabolism and structure in lymphoma-bearing mice: implications for dietary modulation.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Dietary Paeonol Supplementation Alleviates Waterborne Cadmium-Induced Damages in Gut Barrier Function in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides).Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Metabolic engineering ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mechanism-First Psychobiotics: Fermented Vegetables, Dairy, and Soy for Depression and Anxiety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
278 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The diverse and dynamic microbial community of the human gastrointestinal tract plays a vital role in health, with gut microbiota supporting the development and function of the gut immune barrier. Crosstalk between microbiota-gut epithelium and the gut immune system determine the individual health status, and any crosstalk disturbance may lead to chronic intestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and celiac disease. Microbiota-derived metabolites are crucial mediators of host-microbial interactions. Some beneficially affect host physiology such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids. Also, tryptophan catabolites determine immune responses, such as through binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). AhR is abundantly present at mucosal surfaces and when activated enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function as well as regulatory immune responses. Exogenous diet-derived indoles (tryptophan) are a major source of endogenous AhR ligand precursors and together with SCFAs and secondary bile acids regulate inflammation by lowering stress in epithelium and gut immunity, and in IBD, AhR expression is downregulated together with tryptophan metabolites. Here, we present an overview of host microbiota-epithelium- gut immunity crosstalk and review how microbial-derived metabolites contribute to host immune homeostasis. Also, we discuss the therapeutic potential of bacterial catabolites for IBD and celiac disease and how essential dietary components such as dietary fibers and bacterial tryptophan catabolites may contribute to intestinal and systemic homeostasis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.