ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Nanoparticles Engineered as Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells Induce Human CD4
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polymeric Materials in Cancer Immunotherapy: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- RAB4A acts as a negative feedback regulator of extracellular vesicle secretion during TGF-β signaling.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Engineered artificial antigen-presenting cells for tumor immunotherapy: Design strategies, clinical applications, and translational challenges.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- A Study of the Direct Effect of Pegylated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles and Fullerenol CNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Remodeling the Inflammatory Microenvironment: Nanomaterial-Based Targeted Strategies for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.Small science · 2026Review
- Regulatory T Cells and Nanomaterials: Dual Perspectives in Therapeutics and Immunomodulation.Small science · 2026Review
- Engineering immunity with nanoparticles: highlights from recent research on transplant rejection therapy.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- CD2 targeted nanoparticles containing IL-2 mimic fetal-maternal tolerance of pregnancy by inducing synergistic TGF-β-producing NK cells and Tregs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- CD2-targeted nanoparticles encapsulating IL-2 induce tolerogenic Tregs and TGF-β-producing NK cells that stabilize Tregs for long-term therapeutic efficacy in immune-mediated disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Biomaterial-enhanced treg cell immunotherapy: A promising approach for transplant medicine and autoimmune disease treatment.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Bridging the gender gap in autoimmunity with T-cell-targeted biomaterials.Current opinion in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Nanoparticles loaded with IL-2 and TGF-β promote transplantation tolerance to alloantigen.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Low-dose interleukin-2 therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2023Review
- Nanomaterials for antigen-specific immune tolerance therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Review
- Pathogenesis and novel therapeutics of regulatory T cell subsets and interleukin-2 therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Modeling human T1D-associated autoimmune processes.Molecular metabolism · 2022Review
- Lessons learned from immunological characterization of nanomaterials at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- CD8Rheumatology and immunology research · 2021Review
- Nanoparticle-mediated Delivery of IL-2 To T Follicular Helper Cells Protects BDF1 Mice from Lupus-like Disease.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2021Article
- Strategies to Use Nanoparticles to Generate CD4 and CD8 Regulatory T Cells for the Treatment of SLE and Other Autoimmune Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) are synthetic versions of naturally occurring antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that, similar to natural APCs, promote efficient T effector cell responses
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.