Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34122344›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2021

Advances in Screening, Early Diagnosis and Accurate Staging of Diabetic Neuropathy.

Josie Carmichael, Hassan Fadavi, Fukashi Ishibashi, Angela C Shore, Mitra Tavakoli

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Trial
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  9. Article
  10. Comment on "Exploration of a Multimodal Machine Learning Model Integrating Ultrasound and Clinical Indicators for the Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy".Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2026
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Screening for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Subjective Versus Objective Measures.The international journal of lower extremity wounds · 2026
    Article
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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Josie CarmichaelDiabetes and Vascular Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Hassan FadaviPeripheral Neuropathy Group, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Fukashi IshibashiInternal Medicine, Ishibashi Medical and Diabetes Centre, Hiroshima, Japan.
Angela C ShoreDiabetes and Vascular Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Mitra TavakoliDiabetes and Vascular Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
University of Exeter · GBImperial College London · GBNIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility · GB

Funding

Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is among the most distressing and costly of all the chronic complications of diabetes and is a cause of significant disability and poor quality of life. This incurs a significant burden on health care costs and society, especially as these young people enter their peak working and earning capacity at the time when diabetes-related complications most often first occur. DPN is often asymptomatic during the early stages; however, once symptoms and overt deficits have developed, it cannot be reversed. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely intervention are essential to prevent the development and progression of diabetic neuropathy. The diagnosis of DPN, the determination of the global prevalence, and incidence rates of DPN remain challenging. The opinions vary about the effectiveness of the expansion of screenings to enable early diagnosis and treatment initiation before disease onset and progression. Although research has evolved over the years, DPN still represents an enormous burden for clinicians and health systems worldwide due to its difficult diagnosis, high costs related to treatment, and the multidisciplinary approach required for effective management. Therefore, there is an unmet need for reliable surrogate biomarkers to monitor the onset and progression of early neuropathic changes in DPN and facilitate drug discovery. In this review paper, the aim was to assess the currently available tests for DPN's sensitivity and performance.

Indexed as

Early DiagnosisDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NeuropathiesHumansMass ScreeningDiabetic NeuropathyDiagnosisEarly Detectionmicrovascular complicationsneuropathy biomarkersScreening

Identifiers

PMID34122344
PMCPMC8188984
OpenAlexW3165517566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.