ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2021
Sex Differences in the Immune System Become Evident in the Perinatal Period in the Four Core Genotypes Mouse.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Deficiency in circulating T cells in four core genotypes mice with Sry translocation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Peripheral and Central miRNA Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease: Tissue-Specific Variability, Sex-Associated Differences, and Implications for Blood-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Ability of Neonatal Mice to Develop Immunity toJournal of cellular immunology · 2025Article
- Influence of Biological Sex and Congenital Iron Deficiency on Neonatal Cytokine Responses.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension: the impact of sex hormones.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Review
- XX sex chromosome complement modulates immune responses to heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae immunization in a microbiome-dependent manner.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Maternal diet supplementation with high-docosahexaenoic-acid canola oil, along with arachidonic acid, promotes immune system development in allergy-prone BALB/c mouse offspring at 3 weeks of age.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Decreased Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Count Predicts Poor Treatment Response in Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Genetics of Sex Differences in Immunity.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Kisspeptin Signaling.Cells · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We have used the four core genotypes (FCG) mouse model, which allows a distinction between effects of gonadal secretions and chromosomal complement, to determine when sex differences in the immune system first appear and what influences their development. Using splenic T cell number as a measure that could be applied to neonates with as yet immature immune responses, we found no differences among the four genotypes at postnatal day 1, but by day 7, clear sex differences were observed. These sex differences were unexpectedly independent of chromosomal complement and similar in degree to gonadectomized FCG adults: both neonatal and gonadectomized adult females (XX and XY) showed 2-fold the number of CD4+ and 7-fold the number of CD8+ T cells
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