ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2021
A non-invasive system to measure heart rate in hard-shelled sea turtles: potential for field applications.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenging 10 misconceptions in conservation physiology.Conservation physiology · 2026Article
- Apparent reduction in heart rate during oviposition revealed by non-invasive heart rate monitoring of gravid loggerhead turtles.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Novel insights into sex-specific differences in heart rate variability and autonomic nervous system regulation during spawning behavior in chum salmon (Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Electrocardiographic changes induced by temperature variations in newly hatched Aperema (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Heart rate reduction during voluntary deep diving in free-ranging loggerhead sea turtles.The Journal of experimental biology · 2024Article
- Development of a non-invasive heart rate measurement method for sea turtles with dense keratinous scutes through effective electrode placement.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Comparative electrocardiographic study of the Asian freshwater box turtleVeterinary record open · 2022Article
- Heart rate as a proxy for estimating oxygen consumption rates in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta).Biology open · 2022Article
- A Non-Invasive Heart Rate Measurement Method Is Improved by Placing the Electrodes on the Ventral Side Rather Than the Dorsal in Loggerhead Turtles.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Moving average and standard deviation thresholding (MAST): a novel algorithm for accurate R-wave detection in the murine electrocardiogram.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2021Article
- Future trends in measuring physiology in free-living animals.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- What is physiologging? Introduction to the theme issue, part 2.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Towards non-invasive heart rate monitoring in free-ranging cetaceans: a unipolar suction cup tag measured the heart rate of trained Risso's dolphins.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Introduction to the theme issue: Measuring physiology in free-living animals.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- The New Era of Physio-Logging and Their Grand Challenges.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To measure the heart rate of unrestrained sea turtles, it has been believed that a probe must be inserted inside the body owing to the presence of the shell. However, inserting the probe is invasive and difficult to apply to animals in the field. Here, we have developed a non-invasive heart rate measurement method for some species of sea turtles. In our approach, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed using an animal-borne ECG recorder and two electrodes-which were electrically insulated from seawater-pasted on the carapace. Based on the measured ECG, the heartbeat signals were identified with an algorithm using a band-pass filter. We implemented this algorithm in a user-friendly program package, ECGtoHR. In experiments conducted in a water tank and in a lagoon, we successfully measured the heart rate of loggerhead, olive ridley and black turtles, but not green and hawksbill turtles. The average heart rate of turtles when resting underwater was 6.2 ± 1.9 beats min
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.