ArticleJournal of epidemiology2021
Using Propensity Scores for Causal Inference: Pitfalls and Tips.
Article in Journal of epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Outcomes of First Subsequent Therapies After Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone for High-Risk Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer in the LATITUDE Study.Targeted oncology · 2023Trial
- Posterosuperior and Anterior Rotator Cuff Repairs Yield Comparable 1-Year Constant Scores in Routine Clinical Practice: A Propensity Score-Matched Study From LaTour Group.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- From association to causation: interpreting PS-based analyses in real-world evidence.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2026Review
- Frameworks and methods for estimating the causal effect of clinical treatment in orthopaedics: a scoping review.EFORT open reviews · 2026Review
- "We were locked in with our trauma" - a mixed-methods study of health pathways among intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors during COVID-19 lockdowns in Ontario.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Sports participation and obesity incidence in chinese adolescents: a 7-year prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Letter to the Editor: Multicenter study of thermal ablation vs partial thyroidectomy for paratracheal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma-Is propensity score matching necessary?European radiology · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Anti-Adhesion Barriers on Prevention of Postoperative Adhesive Bowel Obstruction: Disease-Free Survival Analysis.Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Article
- Association of preoperative metformin use with postoperative mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Depression and Coping Insight Dimensions in the Transition to Motherhood.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2026Article
- Differentiated effects of sources of malaria messages on mosquito bed net use among women of reproductive age in Uganda: a propensity score matched analysis.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Family history of diabetes and glycemic progression: A propensity score-based analysis using health checkup data.PloS one · 2026Article
- The spatial and contextual exposome and subtypes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a double machine learning-based analysis.Exposome · 2026Article
- Intersecting trajectories of childhood ADHD, socioeconomic deprivation and distinct multimorbidity patterns in women.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Association Between Preoperative Activities of Daily Living and Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- A Practical Approach to Understanding Real-World Study Methodology in Cancer Research: A Vodcast.Oncology and therapy · 2025Article
- Observational
- Synthetic control arm from mixed clinical trials and real-world data from the LYSA group for untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients aged over 80 years: a bona fide strategy for innovative clinical trials.Blood cancer journal · 2025Article
- Association between preoperative anemia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a retrospective observational study.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2025Observational
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Methods based on propensity score (PS) have become increasingly popular as a tool for causal inference. A better understanding of the relative advantages and disadvantages of the alternative analytic approaches can contribute to the optimal choice and use of a specific PS method over other methods. In this article, we provide an accessible overview of causal inference from observational data and two major PS-based methods (matching and inverse probability weighting), focusing on the underlying assumptions and decision-making processes. We then discuss common pitfalls and tips for applying the PS methods to empirical research and compare the conventional multivariable outcome regression and the two alternative PS-based methods (ie, matching and inverse probability weighting) and discuss their similarities and differences. Although we note subtle differences in causal identification assumptions, we highlight that the methods are distinct primarily in terms of the statistical modeling assumptions involved and the target population for which exposure effects are being estimated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.