ReviewThe Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation2021
The lung microbiome in lung transplantation.
Review in The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Article
- Phage Therapy at the Crossroads Between Clinical Promise and Regulatory Challenge.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Donor LungAmerican journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Altered baseline immunological state and impaired immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in lung transplant recipients.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Regulatory T cell therapy in lung transplantation: bridging the gap from bench to bedside.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Harnessing the microbiome to improve clinical outcomes for cancer, transplant, and immunocompromised patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Implications in Solid Organ Transplantation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Beyond the organ: lung microbiome shapes transplant indications and outcomes.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2024Review
- Lung Transplant Outcomes Keep BUGging us: Acute Cellular Rejection and the Lung Microbiome.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Alterations of lung microbiota in lung transplant recipients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.Respiratory research · 2024Observational
- Unique Changes in the Lung Microbiome following the Development of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Bacteria and fungi of the lung: allies or enemies?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The impact of the EVLP on the lung microbiome and its inflammatory reaction.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplant (HSCT)-Related Chronic Pulmonary Diseases: An Overview.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intestinal microbiota links to allograft stability after lung transplantation: a prospective cohort study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Article
- Inquilinus limosus Bacteremia in Lung Transplant Recipient after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- The Lung Microbiome: A New Frontier for Lung and Brain Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- New Tools for Old Problems: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and the Lung Allograft Microbiome.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
- Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective.Health care science · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Culture-independent study of the lower respiratory tract after lung transplantation has enabled an understanding of the microbiome - that is, the collection of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and their respective gene complement - in this niche. The lung has unique features as a microbial environment, with balanced entry from the upper respiratory tract, clearance, and local replication. There are many pressures impacting the microbiome after transplantation, including donor allograft factors, recipient host factors such as underlying disease and ongoing exposure to the microbe-rich upper respiratory tract, and transplantation-related immunosuppression, antimicrobials, and postsurgical changes. To date, we understand that the lung microbiome after transplant is dysbiotic; that is, it has higher biomass and altered composition compared to a healthy lung. Emerging data suggest that specific microbiome features may be linked to host responses, both immune and non-immune, and clinical outcomes such as chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), but many questions remain. The goal of this review is to put into context our burgeoning understanding of the lung microbiome in the postlung transplant patient, the interactions between microbiome and host, the role the microbiome may play in post-transplant complications, and critical outstanding research questions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.