Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34120611›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2021

GUNC: detection of chimerism and contamination in prokaryotic genomes.

Askarbek Orakov, Anthony Fullam, Luis Pedro Coelho, Supriya Khedkar, Damian Szklarczyk, Daniel R Mende, Thomas S B Schmidt, Peer Bork

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 214 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
214citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
18.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

214 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 286 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  19. Increased abundance of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in the gut of selectively bred high-tameness mice and its association with behavioural changes.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2026
    Article
  20. Convergent evolution of ST2 and ST164 mediates dissemination of the blaAnnals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2026
    Article

154 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Askarbek Orakov *Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6823-5269
Anthony Fullam *Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Luis Pedro CoelhoInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Supriya KhedkarStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Damian SzklarczykInstitute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Daniel R MendeDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Thomas S B SchmidtStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany. sebastian.schmidt@embl.de.
Peer BorkStructural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany. peer.bork@embl.org.
European Molecular Biology Laboratory · DEAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NLEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory · DEFudan University · CNSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics · CHYonsei University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genomes are critical units in microbiology, yet ascertaining quality in prokaryotic genome assemblies remains a formidable challenge. We present GUNC (the Genome UNClutterer), a tool that accurately detects and quantifies genome chimerism based on the lineage homogeneity of individual contigs using a genome's full complement of genes. GUNC complements existing approaches by targeting previously underdetected types of contamination: we conservatively estimate that 5.7% of genomes in GenBank, 5.2% in RefSeq, and 15-30% of pre-filtered "high-quality" metagenome-assembled genomes in recent studies are undetected chimeras. GUNC provides a fast and robust tool to substantially improve prokaryotic genome quality.

Indexed as

ChimerismGenome, BacterialMetagenomeSoftwareComputational BiologyContig MappingMetagenomicsPhylogenyProkaryotic CellsProteobacteriaBioinformaticsGenome contaminationGenome qualityMetagenome-assembled genomesMetagenomics

Identifiers

PMID34120611
PMCPMC8201837
OpenAlexW3168040031

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.