ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2021
Potential causal effect of posttraumatic stress disorder on alcohol use disorder and alcohol consumption in individuals of European descent: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological and neurocognitive correlates of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: a systematic review.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Pooled it
- Understanding the comorbidity between posttraumatic stress severity and coronary artery disease using genome-wide information and electronic health records.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Advancing models of PTSD-AUD comorbidity: protocol for a multimethod framework using genetics and ecological momentary assessment.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Shared genetic architecture and neurobiological pathways of problematic alcohol use and anxiety disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Daily state distress tolerance and alcohol use motivation among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms who endorse hazardous alcohol use.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026Article
- Review
- Evaluation of a 20-Item Version of the Trauma-Related Drinking to Cope Questionnaire.Journal of clinical psychology · 2025Article
- Integrated Cognitive Processing Therapy and Relapse Prevention for Co-Occurring PTSD and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Case Series Examining Acceptability and Initial Efficacy.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A genetic exploration of the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular diseases.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The genetic landscape of substance use disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- The potential of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A first look at therapeutic mechanisms of action.Addiction biology · 2024Review
- Opportunities and challenges in using instrumental variables to study causal effects in nonrandomized stress and trauma research.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2023Review
- Differences in genetic correlations between posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol-related problems phenotypes compared to alcohol consumption-related phenotypes.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Phenome-wide genetic-correlation analysis and genetically informed causal inference of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Human genetics · 2023Article
- Testing Phenotypic Models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder Comorbidity Using Longitudinal Registry Data.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
- The Relationship of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Population-Based Sibling Comparison Study.Biological psychiatry · 2023Article
- Alcohol use and alcohol use disorder differ in their genetic relationships with PTSD: A genomic structural equation modelling approach.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Disentangling the association between PTSD symptom heterogeneity and alcohol use disorder: Results from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Article
- Co-Occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Alcohol Use Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Drinking to Cope with PTSD Symptoms.Journal of dual diagnosisArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co-occurs with alcohol consumption (AC) and alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, it is unknown whether the same etiologic influences that underlie PTSD co-occurring with AUD are those that underlie PTSD and AC individually.
methodsThis study used large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to test whether PTSD and drinks per week [DPW]/AUD are causally related to one another, and, if so, whether PTSD precedes DPW/AUD and/or vice versa. We used Mendelian Randomization methods to analyze European ancestry GWAS summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC; PTSD), GWAS & Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine Use (GSCAN; DPW), and the Million Veteran Program (MVP; AUD).
resultsPTSD exerted a potentially causal effect on AUD (β = 0.039, SE = 0.014, p = 0.005), but not on DPW (β = 0.002, SE = 0.003, p = 0.414). Additionally, neither DPW (β = 0.019, SE = 0.041, p = 0.637) nor AUD (β = 8.87 × 10
conclusionsThese findings are consistent with the self-medication model, in which individuals misuse alcohol to cope with aversive trauma-related symptoms. These findings extend latent analysis and molecular findings of shared and correlated risk between PTSD and alcohol phenotypes. Given the health behaviors associated with these phenotypes, these findings are important in that they suggest groups to prioritize for prevention efforts. Further, they provide a rationale for future preclinical and clinical studies examining the biological mechanisms by which PTSD may impact AUD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.