ArticleEuropean journal of clinical investigation2021
Characteristics of gestational diabetes subtypes classified by oral glucose tolerance test values.
Article in European journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perinatal and long-term implications of diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus using only fasting and one-hour post-load glucose concentrations: Secondary analysis of the GEMS trial and its five-year follow-up.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Trial
- Antenatal oral glucose tolerance test abnormalities in the prediction of future risk of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: Results from the LIVING study.Journal of diabetes · 2024Trial
- Clinical and biochemical factors associated with insulin therapy in gestational diabetes: The role of OGTT-based groups.Experimental physiology · 2026Observational
- Association of first-trimester inflammatory markers with gestational diabetes mellitus subtypes and patterns: a cohort study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Circulating miR-326 and miR-532-3p: novel biomarkers for early gestational diabetes mellitus detection with high diagnostic accuracy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Previous oral glucose tolerance test results as predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in subsequent pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Low-normal FT4 in early pregnancy as an independent risk factor for GDM: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Gestational diabetes mellitus subtypes: from one-size-fits-all to precision medicine.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Review
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes with different screening strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2025Article
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- Gestational diabetes mellitus subtypes according to oral glucose tolerance test and pregnancy outcomes.Endocrine · 2025Article
- The flat glucose response curve during oral glucose tolerance tests in Chinese pregnant women and its association with adverse outcomes.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Gestational age and models for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Observational
- Perinatal adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies with preeclampsia complicated by distinct gestational diabetes subtypes.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of Gestational Diabetes and Risk for Adverse Pregnancy Outcome: A Cohort Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Review
- The Impact of the First Trimester and Second Trimester Temperature, Air Pollutants, and Seasonal Variations on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Twin Pregnancies.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- A murine model of gestational diabetes reveals MASLD risk and alterations in markers of hepatic mitochondrial metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Ethnic-specific oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) phenotypes in women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Article
- Identification and validation of gestational diabetes subgroups by data-driven cluster analysis.Diabetologia · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn clinical practice, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is treated as a homogenous disease but emerging evidence suggests that the diagnosis of GDM possibly comprises different metabolic entities. In this study, we aimed to assess early pregnancy characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus entities classified according to the presence of fasting and/or post-load hyperglycaemia in the diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test performed at mid-gestation.
methodsIn this prospective cohort study, 1087 pregnant women received a broad risk evaluation and laboratory examination at early gestation and were later classified as normal glucose tolerant (NGT), as having isolated fasting hyperglycaemia (GDM-IFH), isolated post-load hyperglycaemia (GDM-IPH) or combined hyperglycaemia (GDM-CH) according to oral glucose tolerance test results. Participants were followed up until delivery to assess data on pharmacotherapy and pregnancy outcomes.
resultsWomen affected by elevated fasting and post-load glucose concentrations (GDM-CH) showed adverse metabolic profiles already at beginning of pregnancy including a higher degree of insulin resistance as compared to women with normal glucose tolerance and those with isolated defects (especially GDM-IPH). The GDM-IPH subgroup had lower body mass index at early gestation and required glucose-lowering medications less often (28.9%) as compared to GDM-IFH (47.8%, P = .019) and GDM-CH (54.5%, P = .005). No differences were observed in pregnancy outcome data.
conclusionsWomen with fasting hyperglycaemia, especially those with combined hyperglycaemia, showed an unfavourable metabolic phenotype already at early gestation. Therefore, categorization based on abnormal oral glucose tolerance test values provides a practicable basis for clinical risk stratification.
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