Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34117760›Full record

ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2021

Classification of Cortical Neurons by Spike Shape and the Identification of Pyramidal Neurons.

Roger N Lemon, Stuart N Baker, Alexander Kraskov

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Live Spike Sorting of Large-scale Neural Recordings.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Extracellular Spike Waveforms: Morphology, Biophysics, and Classification Strategies.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  4. Neuropixels reveal laminar microcircuit organization in monkey V1 in vivo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. An AI Agent for cell-type specific brain computer interfaces.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. AECuration: automated event curation for spike sorting.Journal of neural engineering · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Roger N LemonDepartment of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Stuart N BakerBiosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Alexander KraskovBiosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Newcastle University · GBUniversity College London · GB

Funding

Locating the neural substrates for the flexor synergy after strokeR01NS119319 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE · PI BAKER, STUART N, KRAKAUER, JOHN WALTER · 2021 to 2025
$2.3M
BBSRC BB/P006027/1Medical Research Council MR/P012922/1Medical Research Council MR/P023967/1NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS119319Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 02849/Z/13/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many investigators who make extracellular recordings from populations of cortical neurons are now using spike shape parameters, and particularly spike duration, as a means of classifying different neuronal sub-types. Because of the nature of the experimental approach, particularly that involving nonhuman primates, it is very difficult to validate directly which spike characteristics belong to particular types of pyramidal neurons and interneurons, as defined by modern histological approaches. This commentary looks at the way antidromic identification of pyramidal cells projecting to different targets, and in particular, pyramidal tract neurons (PTN), can inform the utility of spike width classification. Spike duration may provide clues to a diversity of function across the pyramidal cell population, and also highlights important differences that exist across species. Our studies suggest that further electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches are needed to validate spike duration as a means of cell classification and to relate this to well-established histological differences in neocortical cell types.

Indexed as

NeuronsPyramidal CellsAction PotentialsAnimalsInterneuronsPyramidal Tractsantidromiccell types classificationinterneuronspyramidalspike shape

Identifiers

PMID34117760
PMCPMC8491674
OpenAlexW3168594876

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.