ArticleClinical oral investigations2022
In-office tooth bleaching with chitosan-enriched hydrogen peroxide gels: in vitro results.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- High-Concentration Hydrogen Peroxide Gels Containing Calcium Polyphosphate Associated With Violet Led Light: Bleaching Efficacy and Effects on Enamel Properties.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Effect Of Arginine And Spray-Dried Chitosan Pretreatment On Microshear Bond Strength To Bleached Enamel.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Article
- Assessment of chitosan addition to at-home bleaching gel with and without calcium on the physical properties of tooth enamel.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2026Article
- Effect of a Home Bleaching Gel Containing Chitosan and Theobromine on Tooth Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Colour Change.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Effect of Home Bleaching Gel with Chitosan on Tooth Color and Mineral Alteration.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Enamel Surface and Elemental Changes Following In Vitro Bleaching: A SEM-EDS Approach.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Effect of Quercetin-Doped Hydrogen Peroxide Gels on Enamel Properties: An In Vitro Study.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of experimental in-office bleaching gels incorporated with co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles on dental enamel physical properties.Odontology · 2025Article
- Tooth whitening: current status and prospects.Odontology · 2024Review
- Enamel changes of bleached teeth following application of an experimental combination of chitosan-bioactive glass.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Enzymatically Driven Mineralization of a Calcium-Polyphosphate Bleaching Gel.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Maintenance of enamel properties after bleaching with high-concentrated hydrogen-peroxide gel containing calcium polyphosphate sub-microparticles.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Article
- Effects of Dental Bleaching Agents on the Surface Roughness of Dental Restoration Materials.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Calcium-Polyphosphate Submicroparticles (CaPP) Improvement Effect of the Experimental Bleaching Gels' Chemical and Cellular-Viability Properties.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of Different Bleaching Gels Thickeners on Cytotoxicity to Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Enamel Physical Properties: anActa stomatologica Croatica · 2022Article
- Effects of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution containing hydrated calcium silicate on enamel surface.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding chitosan to 35% hydrogen peroxide gels (for in-office bleaching), with or without calcium gluconate, on tooth properties and bleaching efficacy.
methodsBovine enamel/dentin specimens (4 × 4 × 2.5 mm) were randomly allocated into groups (n = 10): negative control (unbleached), bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (35% HP, commercial gel); 35% HP with 2% chitosan (% wt) (35% HP + chitosan), 35% HP and calcium (35% HP + Ca, commercial gel), and 35% HP + Ca + 2% chitosan. Variation of surface profile (ΔRa) and color analyses (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, ΔE*
resultsConsidering ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, ΔE*
conclusionChitosan-enriched hydrogen peroxide gels can reduce negative impacts on tooth properties without affecting bleaching efficacy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although commercial gels containing remineralizing agents such as calcium reduce the negative effects on the properties of teeth, the addition of chitosan appears to be a promising approach to preservation of dental properties without interfering in bleaching efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34117564What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.