ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2021
Gut Bacteria Induce Granzyme B Expression in Human Colonic ILC3s In Vitro in an IL-15-Dependent Manner.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- LCMV-mediated loss of virtual memory CD8 T cells yields a functionally enhanced T cell subset.iScience · 2025Article
- Spatial metabolic and phenotypic characterization of the germ-free mouse model.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- A long journey to the colon: The role of the small intestine microbiota in intestinal disease.Molecular microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- The role of group 3 innate lymphoid cell in intestinal disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Human ILC3 Exert TRAIL-Mediated Cytotoxicity Towards Cancer Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) in the gut mucosa have long been thought to be noncytotoxic lymphocytes that are critical for homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells through secretion of IL-22. Recent work using human tonsillar cells demonstrated that ILC3s exposed to exogenous inflammatory cytokines for a long period of time acquired expression of granzyme B, suggesting that under pathological conditions ILC3s may become cytotoxic. We hypothesized that inflammation associated with bacterial exposure might trigger granzyme B expression in gut ILC3s. To test this, we exposed human colon lamina propria mononuclear cells to a panel of enteric bacteria. We found that the Gram-negative commensal and pathogenic bacteria induced granzyme B expression in a subset of ILC3s that were distinct from IL-22-producing ILC3s. A fraction of granzyme B
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Registered trials
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