ArticleScience advances2021
Vitamin D deficiency exacerbates UV/endorphin and opioid addiction.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Opioid Use Disorder and Related Biomarkers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D Insufficiency as a Risk Factor for Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in SWOG S0221.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2023Trial
- Gut-Brain-Skin Axis: From Mechanistic Insights to Translational Applications in Neurocosmetics.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- A Fentanyl-Responsive Microneedle Patch for Harm Reduction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The relationship between smoking cessation and vitamin D.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Regulates Olfactory Function via Dual Transcriptional and mTOR-Dependent Translational Control of Synaptic Proteins.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Reviving the Fight against Opioid Overdoses: Unleashing the Power of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Morphine Removal.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Neuroprotective Roles of Vitamin D: Bridging the Gap Between Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cognitive Decline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Drp1 mitochondrial fission in astrocyte modulates behavior and neuroinflammation during morphine addiction.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Potential roles for vitamin D in preventing and treating impulse control disorders, behavioral addictions, and substance use disorders: A scoping review.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hepatocyte vitamin D receptor functions as a nutrient sensor that regulates energy storage and tissue growth in zebrafish.Cell reports · 2024Article
- The Skin-Brain Axis: From UV and Pigmentation to Behaviour Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Fracture nonunion and delayed union.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2024Article
- Photo-neuro-immuno-endocrinology: How the ultraviolet radiation regulates the body, brain, and immune system.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Is There a Natural, Non-addictive, and Non-anti-reward, Safe, Gene-based Solution to Treat Reward Deficiency Syndrome? KB220 Variants vs GLP-1 Analogs.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- Associations of vitamin D status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in long-term prescription opioid users.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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- The effect of vitamin D on morphine preference in rats: Possible biochemical and DRD2-GDNF signaling.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Placental cytochrome P450 methylomes in infants exposed to prenatal opioids: exploring the effects of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome on health horizons.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The current opioid epidemic warrants a better understanding of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to opioid addiction. Here we report an increased prevalence of vitamin D (VitD) deficiency in patients diagnosed with opioid use disorder and an inverse and dose-dependent association of VitD levels with self-reported opioid use. We used multiple pharmacologic approaches and genetic mouse models and found that deficiencies in VitD signaling amplify exogenous opioid responses that are normalized upon restoration of VitD signaling. Similarly, physiologic endogenous opioid analgesia and reward responses triggered by ultraviolet (UV) radiation are repressed by VitD signaling, suggesting that a feedback loop exists whereby VitD deficiency produces increased UV/endorphin-seeking behavior until VitD levels are restored by cutaneous VitD synthesis. This feedback may carry the evolutionary advantage of maximizing VitD synthesis. However, unlike UV exposure, exogenous opioid use is not followed by VitD synthesis (and its opioid suppressive effects), contributing to maladaptive addictive behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.