Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34116643›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Bacteraemia variation during the COVID-19 pandemic; a multi-centre UK secondary care ecological analysis.

Sarah Denny, Timothy M Rawson, Peter Hart, Giovanni Satta, Ahmed Abdulaal, Stephen Hughes, Mark Gilchrist, Nabeela Mughal, Luke S P Moore

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sarah DennyChelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
Timothy M RawsonImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Peter HartIndependent Researcher, London, UK.
Giovanni SattaImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Ahmed AbdulaalChelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
Stephen HughesChelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
Mark GilchristImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Nabeela MughalChelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
Luke S P MooreChelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK. L.moore@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7095-7922
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust · GBImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe investigated for change in blood stream infections (BSI) with Enterobacterales, coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus during the first UK wave of SARS-CoV-2 across five London hospitals.

methodsA retrospective multicentre ecological analysis was undertaken evaluating all blood cultures taken from adults from 01 April 2017 to 30 April 2020 across five acute hospitals in London. Linear trend analysis and ARIMA models allowing for seasonality were used to look for significant variation.

resultsOne hundred nineteen thousand five hundred eighty-four blood cultures were included. At the height of the UK SARS-CoV-2 first wave in April 2020, Enterobacterales bacteraemias were at an historic low across two London trusts (63/3814, 1.65%), whilst all CoNS BSI were at an historic high (173/3814, 4.25%). This differed significantly for both Enterobacterales (p = 0.013), CoNS central line associated BSIs (CLABSI) (p < 0.01) and CoNS non-CLABSI (p < 0.01), when compared with prior periods, even allowing for seasonal variation. S. pneumoniae (p = 0.631) and S. aureus (p = 0.617) BSI did not vary significant throughout the study period.

conclusionsSignificantly fewer than expected Enterobacterales BSI occurred during the UK peak of the COVID-19 pandemic; identifying potential causes, including potential unintended consequences of national self-isolation public health messaging, is essential. High rates of CoNS BSI, with evidence of increased CLABSI, but also likely contamination associated with increased use of personal protective equipment, may result in inappropriate antimicrobial use and indicates a clear area for intervention during further waves.

Indexed as

BacteremiaBacteriaCOVID-19AdultHumansPandemicsRetrospective StudiesSecondary Health CareUnited KingdomBlood cultureCoronavirusMicrobiologySARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34116643
PMCPMC8195453
OpenAlexW3112406414

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.