ArticlePloS one2021
Phenotypes of caregiver distress in military and veteran caregivers: Suicidal ideation associations.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Caregiver recruitment and engagement: identifying best practices and strategies for including family caregivers of veterans in health services research.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Opportunities and barriers to engaging caregivers in firearm suicide prevention: findings from focus groups with caregivers of veterans.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Involving family members in the care of military personnel and Veterans: A decisional counselling intervention.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2024Article
- Health outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of service members and veterans with traumatic brain injury.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Caregiver burden and COVID-19: How epilepsy caregivers experienced the pandemic.Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2023Article
- Conceptualizing care partners' burden, stress, and support for reintegrating Veterans: a mixed methods study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Caregiver sleep impairment and service member and veteran adjustment following traumatic brain injury is related to caregiver health-related quality of life.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
- Pain interference and health-related quality of life in caregivers of service members and veterans with traumatic brain injury and mental health comorbidity.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The United States (US) has been at war for almost two decades, resulting in a high prevalence of injuries and illnesses in service members and veterans. Family members and friends are frequently becoming the caregivers of service members and veterans who require long-term assistance for their medical conditions. There is a significant body of research regarding the physical, emotional, and social toll of caregiving and the associated adverse health-related outcomes. Despite strong evidence of the emotional toll and associated mental health conditions in family caregivers, the literature regarding suicidal ideation among family caregivers is scarce and even less is known about suicidal ideation in military caregivers. This study sought to identify clusters of characteristics and health factors (phenotypes) associated with suicidal ideation in a sample of military caregivers using a cross-sectional, web-based survey. Measures included the context of caregiving, physical, emotional, social health, and health history of caregivers. Military caregivers in this sample (n = 458) were mostly young adults (M = 39.8, SD = 9.9), caring for complex medical conditions for five or more years. They reported high symptomology on measures of pain, depression, and stress. Many (39%) experienced interruptions in their education and 23.6% reported suicidal ideation since becoming a caregiver. General latent variable analyses revealed three distinct classes or phenotypes (low, medium, high) associated with suicidality. Individuals in the high suicidality phenotype were significantly more likely to have interrupted their education due to caregiving and live closer (within 25 miles) to a VA medical center. This study indicates that interruption of life events, loss of self, and caring for a veteran with mental health conditions/suicidality are significant predictors of suicidality in military caregivers. Future research should examine caregiver life experiences in more detail to determine the feasibility of developing effective interventions to mitigate suicide-related risk for military caregivers.
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