Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34115161›Full record

ArticleCancer chemotherapy and pharmacology2021

Panobinostat penetrates the blood-brain barrier and achieves effective brain concentrations in a murine model.

Morgan J Homan, Andrea Franson, Karthik Ravi, Holly Roberts, Manjunath P Pai, Cai Liu, Miao He, Aleksas Matvekas, Carl Koschmann, Bernard L Marini

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Small-Molecule Drugs in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025
    Review
  5. Therapeutic targeting of senescent cells in the CNS.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Contemporary Management of Pediatric Brainstem Tumors.Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Morgan J HomanDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Services, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, 1540 E. Hospital Dr., CW 7-251B, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5008, US.
Andrea FransonUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Karthik RaviUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Holly RobertsUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Manjunath P PaiUniversity of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Cai LiuUniversity of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Miao He
Aleksas MatvekasUniversity of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Carl KoschmannUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
Bernard L MariniDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Services, Inpatient Hematology, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, 1540 E. Hospital Dr., CW 7-251B, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5008, US. bernmari@med.umich.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-8948
University of Michigan · US

Funding

XenograftP30CA046592 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Alexey I Nesvizhskii · 1988 to 2026
$178.2M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA046592
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePanobinostat, an orally bioavailable pan-HDAC inhibitor, has demonstrated potent activity in multiple malignancies, including pediatric brain tumors such as DIPG, with increased activity against H3K27M mutant cell lines. Given limited evidence regarding the CNS penetration of panobinostat, we sought to characterize its BBB penetration in a murine model.

methodsPanobinostat 15 mg/kg was administered IV to 12 CD-1 female mice. At specified time points, mice were euthanized, blood samples were collected, and brains were removed. LC-MS was performed to quantify panobinostat concentrations. C

resultsMean panobinostat plasma concentrations (ng/mL) were 27.3 ± 2.5 at 1 h, 7.56 ± 1.8 at 2 h, 1.48 ± 0.56 at 4 h, and 2.33 ± 1.18 at 7 h. Mean panobinostat brain concentrations (ng/g) were 60.5 ± 6.1 at 1 h, 42.9 ± 5.4 at 2 h, 33.2 ± 6.1 at 4 h, and 28.1 ± 4.3 at 7 h. Brain-to-plasma ratio at 1 h was 2.22 and the brain to plasma AUC ratio was 2.63. Based on the published human pharmacokinetic data, the anticipated C

conclusionIt is expected that panobinostat would be effective in CNS tumors where the IC-50 is in the low nanomolar range. Thus, our data demonstrate panobinostat crosses the BBB and achieves concentrations above the IC-50 for DIPG and other brain tumors and should be explored further for clinical efficacy.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsArea Under CurveBlood-Brain BarrierBrainFemaleHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsInhibitory Concentration 50MicePanobinostatTissue DistributionAntineoplastic AgentsHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsPanobinostatBrain penetrationDIPGIn vivoPanobinostatPharmacokinetics

Identifiers

PMID34115161
PMCPMC8896403
OpenAlexW3170800575

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.