ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2021
Heart Failure With Mid-range Ejection Fraction: A Distinctive Subtype or a Transitional Stage?
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heart Failure with Reduced and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Network Interpretive Framework of Mechanisms, Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Amino Acid-Derived Metabolic Signature Across Stages of Systolic Dysfunction: Derivation and Internal Evaluation of the HASI (Heart Failure Amino Acid-Derived Systolic Index)-40 Index.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A novel risk prediction model incorporating triglyceride-glucose-body mass index for in-hospital mortality in hypertensive patients with HFmrEF.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Predicting ICU admission in geriatric hip fracture patients with heart failure: the role of O-POSSUM and heart failure subtypes.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiota-NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis in Chronic Heart Failure: Mechanisms Across Heart Failure Phenotypes and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Guideline-directed medical strategies for the co-management of heart failure and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Communications medicine · 2025Review
- Timing of acute decompensated heart failure in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced ejection fraction.Heart and vessels · 2025Article
- Prognostic impact of prior LVEF in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Characteristics Associated with Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias and Their Prognostic Impact in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Demystifying heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: what you need to know.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Heart Failure with Preserved Vs Reduced Ejection Fraction: Patient Characteristics, Outcomes, Mortality Prediction, and Machine Learning Model Development in the JoHFR.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- The correlation of left atrial diameter with preserved ejection fraction, reduced ejection fraction, and mid-range ejection fraction.Clinical cardiology · 2023Article
- Ejection fraction at hospital admission stratifies mortality risk in HFmrEF patients aged ≥ 70 years: a retrospective analysis from a tertiary university institution.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Heart Failure Medical Therapy: A Review for Structural/Interventional Cardiologists.Structural heart : the journal of the Heart Team · 2022Review
- Predictive Value of HFA-PEFF Score in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Deep Learning Predicts Heart Failure With Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction From Patient Clinical Profiles.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) was first proposed by Lam and Solomon in 2014, and was listed as a new subtype of heart failure (HF) in 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Since then, HFmrEF has attracted an increasing amount of attention, and the number of related studies on this topic has grown rapidly. The diagnostic criteria on the basis of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are straightforward; however, LVEF is not a static parameter, and it changes dynamically during the course of HF. Thus, HFmrEF may not be an independent disease with a uniform pathophysiological process, but rather a collection of patients with different characteristics. HFmrEF is often associated with various cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the pathophysiological mechanisms of HFmrEF are particularly complex, and its clinical phenotypes are diverse. The complexity and heterogeneity of HFmrEF may be one reason for inconsistent results between clinical studies. In fact, whether HFmrEF is a distinctive subtype or a transitional stage between HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is controversial. In this review, we discuss the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with HFmrEF, as well as the differences among HFmrEF, HFrEF, and HFpEF.
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