ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2021
Kynurenines and Neurofilament Light Chain in Multiple Sclerosis.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum neurofilament light chain and multiple sclerosis prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Kynurenine Pathway Modulation by Exercise in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Neuroprotection and Inflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Sleep Deprivation and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of the Bidirectional Interactions and Therapeutic Potential of Omega-3.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Kynurenines and Mitochondrial Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neurodegenerative Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: At the Interface Between Research and Clinical Practice.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and serum neurofilament light chain: Findings from NHANES 2013-2014.PloS one · 2025Article
- Emerging Trends: Neurofilament Biomarkers in Precision Neurology.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- The tryptophan metabolic pathway of the microbiome and host cells in health and disease.International immunology · 2024Review
- The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Kynurenines and Inflammation: A Remarkable Axis for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Direct effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on post-exercise-induced changes in kynurenine metabolism.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Smouldering Lesion in MS: Microglia, Lymphocytes and Pathobiochemical Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tryptophan Metabolism in Central Nervous System Diseases: Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Profile and potential role of novel metabolite biomarkers, especially indoleacrylic acid, in pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- A Scoping Review on Body Fluid Biomarkers for Prognosis and Disease Activity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- An Emerging Cross-Species Marker for Organismal Health: Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, demyelinating, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. In recent years, it has been proven that the kynurenine system plays a significant role in the development of several nervous system disorders, including multiple sclerosis. Kynurenine pathway metabolites have both neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects. Moreover, the enzymes of the kynurenine pathway play an important role in immunomodulation processes, among others, as well as interacting with neuronal energy balance and various redox reactions. Dysregulation of many of the enzymatic steps in kynurenine pathway and upregulated levels of these metabolites locally in the central nervous system, contribute to the progression of multiple sclerosis pathology. This process can initiate a pathogenic cascade, including microglia activation, glutamate excitotoxicity, chronic oxidative stress or accumulated mitochondrial damage in the axons, that finally disrupt the homeostasis of neurons, leads to destabilization of neuronal cell cytoskeleton, contributes to neuro-axonal damage and neurodegeneration. Neurofilaments are good biomarkers of the neuro-axonal damage and their level reliably indicates the severity of multiple sclerosis and the treatment response. There is increasing evidence that connections exist between the molecules generated in the kynurenine metabolic pathway and the change in neurofilament concentrations. Thus the alterations in the kynurenine pathway may be an important biomarker of the course of multiple sclerosis. In our present review, we report the possible relationship and connection between neurofilaments and the kynurenine system in multiple sclerosis based on the available evidences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.