ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2021
Human Kidney Spheroids and Monolayers Provide Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Renal Interactions.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic scoping review and conceptual analysis of new-onset fibromyalgia manifestations after non-hospitalized COVID-19: empirics, definitions, methodologies, pathophysiology, mapping of literature, and knowledge gaps.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Non-invasive quantification of viability in liver spheroids using deep learning.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Imaging 3D cell cultures with optical microscopy.Nature methods · 2025Review
- Kidney Fibrosis In Vitro and In Vivo Models: Path Toward Physiologically Relevant Humanized Models.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Tripartite motif 22 (TRIM22) downregulates TLR3-induced CCL5 expression in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Methodology and Practice for Studying Crosstalk Between 3D Human Tissue Models in Pneumatically Actuated Multi-Organ-on-Chip Systems.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a decline in renal megalin expression and affects vitamin D metabolism in the kidney of K18-hACE2 mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- JAK inhibition during the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection worsens kidney injury by suppressing endogenous antiviral activity in mice.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Article
- Host factors of SARS-CoV-2 in infection, pathogenesis, and long-term effects.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- RAAS-deficient organoids indicate delayed angiogenesis as a possible cause for autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- OCT4 induces long-lived dedifferentiated kidney progenitors poised to redifferentiate in 3D kidney spheroids.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2023Article
- "Long COVID-19" and viral "fibromyalgia-ness": Suggesting a mechanistic role for fascial myofibroblasts (Nineveh, the shadow is in the fascia).Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Three-Dimensional Spheroids for Cancer Research.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Acute Kidney Injury and Blood Purification Techniques in Severe COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Nanosponges: An overlooked promising strategy to combat SARS-CoV-2.Drug discovery today · 2022Review
- Human Stem Cell and Organoid Models to Advance Acute Kidney Injury Diagnostics and Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Early prediction of COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury: Are serum NGAL and serum Cystatin C levels better than serum creatinine?Clinical biochemistry · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 pirates the kidneys: A scar(y) story.Cell metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes significan t morbidity, mainly from pulmonary involvement, extrapulmonary symptoms are also major componen ts of the disease. Kidney disease, usually presenting as AKI, is particularly severe among patients with COVID-19. It is unknown, however, whether such injury results from direct kidney infection with COVID-19's causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or from indirect mechanisms.
methodsUsing
resultsWe demonstrated that viral entry molecules and high baseline levels of type 1 IFN-related molecules were present in monolayers and kidney spheroids. Although both models support viral infection and replication, they did not exhibit a cytopathic effect and cell death, outcomes that were strongly present in SARS-CoV-2-infected controls (African green monkey kidney clone E6 [Vero E6] cultures). A comparison of monolayer and spheroid cultures demonstrated higher infectivity and replication of SARS-CoV-2 in actively proliferating monolayers, although the spheroid cultures exhibited high er levels of ACE2. Monolayers exhibited elevation of some tubular injury molecules-including molecules related to fibrosis (COL1A1 and STAT6) and dedifferentiation (SNAI2)-and a loss of cell identity, evident by reduction in megalin (LRP2). The three-dimensional spheroids were less prone to such injury.
conclusionsSARS-CoV-2 can infect kidney cells without a cytopathic effect. AKI-induced cellular proliferation may potentially intensify infectivity and tubular damage by SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that early intervention in AKI is warranted to help minimize kidney infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.