GuidelineWorld journal of emergency surgery : WJES2021
2020 WSES guidelines for the detection and management of bile duct injury during cholecystectomy.
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In one paragraph
Guideline in World journal of emergency surgery : WJES, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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130citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
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Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Minimally invasive repair of iatrogenic bile duct injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of Absorbable Biliary Stents for Benign Bile Duct Strictures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2026Pooled it
- SAGES-AHPBA 2025 guideline for the surgical management of bile duct injury following cholecystectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review on the use of artificial intelligence to identify anatomical structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a tool towards the future.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Evaluation of Standard Cholangiography, Intravenous, and Intracholecystic Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Cholangiography During Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Results of a Three-Arm Randomized Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Trial
- Optimal analgesia after laparoscopic total hysterectomy with pre-pneumoperitoneum phrenic nerve block using different ropivacaine concentrations: randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- Risk factors and outcomes of bailout procedures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: the BOLAC study.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Learning curve and patient outcomes in gallstone surgery: a national register-based cohort study.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Cholangio-PET/CT with [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence assessment of Parkland's grading scale in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a step toward real-world outcome prediction.Updates in surgery · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence for Automated Recognition of Hepatocystic Anatomy During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Current Evidence, Clinical Readiness, and Future Directions.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Article
- The extended postoperative complication score: A dual-axis reporting plan for general surgery.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2026Article
- Cystic duct management in subtotal cholecystectomy: is closure necessary?Surgery today · 2026Article
- Perspective on Intraoperative Real-Time Biliary Tract Navigation: From Radiological to Fluorescent Imaging.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Review
- Successful ERCP guided rescue cystic duct embolization for the persistent bile leak after subtotal cholecystectomy: a case report.International journal of surgery case reports · 2026Article
- Benign mass-like lesion at the cholecystectomy bed: A case report of unusual postcholecystectomy imaging findings.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
97 authors.
Nicola de'AngelisUnit of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Digestive Surgery, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Strada Prov. 127 Acquaviva - Santeramo Km. 4, 70021 Acquaviva delle Fonti BA, Bari, Italy. nic.deangelis@yahoo.it.ORCID 0000-0002-1211-4916
Fausto CatenaDepartment of Emergency and Trauma Surgery of the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Riccardo MemeoDepartment of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
Federico CoccoliniGeneral, Emergency and Trauma Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
Aleix Martínez-PérezDepartment of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
Oreste M RomeoTrauma, Burn, and Surgical Care Program, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA.
Belinda De SimoneService de Chirurgie Générale, Digestive, et Métabolique, Centre hospitalier de Poissy/Saint Germain en Laye, Saint Germain en Laye, France.
Salomone Di SaverioDepartment of Surgery, Cambridge University Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Raffaele BrustiaUnit of Digestive, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP), and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Rami RhaiemDepartment of HBP and Digestive Oncologic Surgery, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France.
Tullio PiardiDepartment of HBP and Digestive Oncologic Surgery, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France.
Maria ConticchioDepartment of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
Francesco MarchegianiDepartment of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Nassiba BeghdadiUnit of Digestive, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP), and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Fikri M Abu-ZidanDepartment of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Ruslan AlikhanovDepartment of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Shosse Enthusiastov, 86, 111123, Moscow, Russia.
Marc-Antoine AllardCentre Hepatobiliaire, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.
Niccolò Allievi1st Surgical Unit, Department of Emergency, Papa Giovanni Hospital XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
Giuliana AmaddeoService d'Hepatologie, APHP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Creteil, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Luca AnsaloniGeneral Surgery, San Matteo University Hospital, Pavia, Italy.
Roland AnderssonDepartment of Surgery, Linkonping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
Enrico AndolfiDepartment of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, San Donato Hospital, 52100, Arezzo, Italy.
Mohammad AzfarDepartment of Surgery, Al Rahba Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Miklosh BalaTrauma and Acute Care Surgery Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Amine BenkabbouSurgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
Offir Ben-IshayDepartment of General Surgery, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel.
Giorgio BianchiUnit of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Digestive Surgery, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Strada Prov. 127 Acquaviva - Santeramo Km. 4, 70021 Acquaviva delle Fonti BA, Bari, Italy.
Walter L BifflDivision of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, California, USA.
Francesco BrunettiUnit of Digestive, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP), and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Maria Clotilde CarraRothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, and Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Daniel CasanovaHospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Valerio CelentanoColorectal Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Marco CeresoliEmergency and General Surgery Department, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Osvaldo ChiaraGeneral Surgery and Trauma Team, ASST Niguarda Milano, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Stefania CimbanassiGeneral Surgery and Trauma Team, ASST Niguarda Milano, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Roberto BiniGeneral Surgery and Trauma Team, ASST Niguarda Milano, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Raul CoimbraRiverside University Health System Medical Center, Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center - CECORC and Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA.
Gian Luigi de'AngelisGastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Francesco DecembrinoGastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
Andrea De PalmaGeneral, Emergency and Trauma Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
Philip R de ReuverDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Carlos DomingoDepartment of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
Christian CotsoglouGeneral Surgery Department, ASST-Vimercat, 20871, Vimercate, Italy.
Alessandro FerreroDepartment of General and Oncological Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano "Umberto I", Turin, Italy.
Gustavo P FragaDivision of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Federica GaianiGastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Federico GhezaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Angela GurradoUnit of General Surgery "V. Bonomo", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Ewen HarrisonDepartment of Clinical Surgery and Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK.
Angel HenriquezCentro Médico Laparoscópic, San Salvador, El Salvador.
Stefan HofmeyrDivision of Surgery, Surgical Gastroenterology Unit, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, University of Stellenbosch Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Roberta IadarolaDepartment of Emergency and Trauma Surgery of the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Jeffry L KashukDepartment of Surgery, Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Reza KianmaneshDepartment of HBP and Digestive Oncologic Surgery, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France.
Andrew W KirkpatrickDepartment of Surgery, Critical Care Medicine and the Regional Trauma Service, Foothills Medical Center, Calgari, Alberta, Canada.
Yoram KlugerDepartment of General Surgery, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel.
Filippo LandiDepartment of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Serena LangellaDepartment of General and Oncological Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano "Umberto I", Turin, Italy.
Real LapointeDepartment of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Bertrand Le RoyDepartment of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
Alain LucianiUnit of Radiology, Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP), Creteil, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Fernando MachadoDepartment of Emergency Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas, School of Medicine UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Umberto MaggiGeneral Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Ronald V MaierDepartment of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Alain Chichom MefireDepartment of Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynecologic, Regional Hospital, Limbe, Cameroon.
Kazuhiro HiramatsuDepartment of General Surgery, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan.
Carlos OrdoñezDivision of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Universidad del Valle Cali, Cali, Colombia.
Franca PatriziUnit of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Manuel PlanellsDepartment of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
Andrew B PeitzmanDepartment of Surgery, UPMC, University of Pittsburg, School of Medicine, Pittsburg, USA.
Juan PekoljGeneral Surgery, Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Fabiano PerdigaoLiver Transplant Unit, APHP, Unité de Chirurgie Hépatobiliaire et Transplantation hépatique, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Bruno M PereiraDivision of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Patrick PessauxHepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Unit, Visceral and Digestive Surgery, IHU mix-surg, Institute for Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Surgery, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Michele Pisano1st Surgical Unit, Department of Emergency, Papa Giovanni Hospital XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
Juan Carlos PuyanaTrauma & Acute Care Surgery - Global Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
Sandro RizoliTrauma and Acute Care Service, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Luca PortigliottiChirurgia Epato-Gastro-Pancreatica, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy.
Raffaele RomitoChirurgia Epato-Gastro-Pancreatica, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy.
Boris SakakushevGeneral Surgery Department, Medical University, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Behnam SaneiDepartment of Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Olivier ScattonLiver Transplant Unit, APHP, Unité de Chirurgie Hépatobiliaire et Transplantation hépatique, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Mario Serradilla-MartinInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
Anne-Sophie SchneckDigestive Surgery Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Pointe-À-Pitre, Les Avymes, Guadeloupe, France.
Mohammed Lamine SissokoService de Chirurgie, Hôpital National Blaise Compaoré de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Iradj SobhaniDepartment of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, Creteil, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Richard P Ten BroekDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Mario TestiniUnit of General Surgery "V. Bonomo", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Roberto ValinasDepartment of Surgery "F", Faculty of Medicine, Clinic Hospital "Dr. Manuel Quintela", Montevideo, Uruguay.
Giorgos VeloudisVeterans Fund Army Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Giulio Cesare VitaliDivision of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Dieter WeberDepartment of Trauma Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.
Luigi ZorcoloDepartment of Surgery, Colorectal Surgery Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Felice GiulianteHepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Foundation "Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Paschalis GavriilidisDivision of Gastrointestinal and HBP Surgery, Imperial College HealthCare, NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
David FuksInstitut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.
Daniele SommacaleUnit of Digestive, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP), and Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Est, UPEC, Creteil, France.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bile duct injury (BDI) is a dangerous complication of cholecystectomy, with significant postoperative sequelae for the patient in terms of morbidity, mortality, and long-term quality of life. BDIs have an estimated incidence of 0.4-1.5%, but considering the number of cholecystectomies performed worldwide, mostly by laparoscopy, surgeons must be prepared to manage this surgical challenge. Most BDIs are recognized either during the procedure or in the immediate postoperative period. However, some BDIs may be discovered later during the postoperative period, and this may translate to delayed or inappropriate treatments. Providing a specific diagnosis and a precise description of the BDI will expedite the decision-making process and increase the chance of treatment success. Subsequently, the choice and timing of the appropriate reconstructive strategy have a critical role in long-term prognosis. Currently, a wide spectrum of multidisciplinary interventions with different degrees of invasiveness is indicated for BDI management. These World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) guidelines have been produced following an exhaustive review of the current literature and an international expert panel discussion with the aim of providing evidence-based recommendations to facilitate and standardize the detection and management of BDIs during cholecystectomy. In particular, the 2020 WSES guidelines cover the following key aspects: (1) strategies to minimize the risk of BDI during cholecystectomy; (2) BDI rates in general surgery units and review of surgical practice; (3) how to classify, stage, and report BDI once detected; (4) how to manage an intraoperatively detected BDI; (5) indications for antibiotic treatment; (6) indications for clinical, biochemical, and imaging investigations for suspected BDI; and (7) how to manage a postoperatively detected BDI.
Indexed as
Bile DuctsCholecystectomyHumansIatrogenic DiseaseIntraoperative PeriodQuality of LifeAntibiotic therapyBiliary duct injuryComputed tomographyGuidelinesLaparoscopic cholecystectomyMagnetic resonance imaging
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