ReviewExpert review of anti-infective therapy2022
Vitamin D attenuates COVID-19 complications via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines, antiviral proteins, and autophagy.
Review in Expert review of anti-infective therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcomes in adult patients with COVID-19: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2024Pooled it
- Pharmacological evaluation of vitamin D in COVID-19 and long COVID-19: recent studies confirm clinical validation and highlight metformin to improve VDR sensitivity and efficacy.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of macronutrient and micronutrient supplements on COVID-19: an umbrella review.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Vitamin D and COVID-19: Inmunomodulatory Effects and the Mexican Public Health Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers for COVID-19 susceptibility: a focus on vitamin D, potassium, and hematological indices.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers in Obese Patients with Acute and Chronic Orthopedic Conditions.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The Distinct Regulation of the Vitamin D and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors in COVID-19.Nutrients · 2024Observational
- Article
- Exploration of the link between COVID-19 and gastric cancer from the perspective of bioinformatics and systems biology.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of Vitamin D on Immunopathology of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: From Theory to Practice.Nutrients · 2023Review
- The association between vitamin D intake with inflammatory and biochemical indices and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A case-control study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- The Impact of Vitamin D Levels on Clinical Manifestations of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- The effects of high dose vitamin D supplementation as a nutritional intervention strategy on biochemical and inflammatory factors in adults with COVID-19: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Nutrition and health · 2022Article
- Deciphering the Potential of Pre and Pro-Vitamin D of Mushrooms against Mpro and PLpro Proteases of COVID-19: An In Silico Approach.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Factors Modulating COVID-19: A Mechanistic Understanding Based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- A correlational analysis of COVID-19 incidence and mortality and urban determinants of vitamin D status across the London boroughs.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- IFI44 is an immune evasion biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 andFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Progress in preclinical studies of macrophage autophagy in the regulation of ALI/ARDS.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionGlobal emergence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has clearly shown variable severity, mortality, and frequency between and within populations worldwide. These striking differences have made many biological variables attractive for future investigations. One of these variables, vitamin D, has been implicated in COVID-19 with rapidly growing scientific evidence. AREAS COVERED: The review intended to systematically explore the sources, and immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in COVID-19. Search engines and data sources including Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for data collection. The search terms used were Vitamin D, COVID-19, immune system, and antiviral mechanism. Overall, 232 sources of information were collected and 188 were included in this review. EXPERT OPINION: Interaction of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) triggers the cellular events to modulate the immune system by regulation of many genes. Vitamin D operates as a double-edged sword against COVID-19. First, in macrophages, it promotes the production of antimicrobial and antiviral proteins like β-defensin 2 and cathelicidin, and these proteins inhibit the replication of viral particles and promote the clearance of virus from the cells by autophagy. Second, it suppresses cytokine storm and inflammatory processes in COVID-19.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.