ArticleClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2021
Prevalence of COVID-19 in Iran: results of the first survey of the Iranian COVID-19 Serological Surveillance programme.
Article in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential COVID-19 infection rates in children, adults, and elderly: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 pre-vaccination national seroprevalence studies.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Age-stratified infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in the non-elderly population.Environmental research · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the burden of COVID-19 in developing countries: systematic review, meta-analysis and public policy implications.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- Viral respiratory infections and their co-occurrence among patients hospitalized in Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, Babol, 2021-2024.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- The prevalence of symptomatic COVID-19 infection among pregnant women and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective review of the medical records in North East Iran.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Challenges faced by the Iranian health system in containing COVID-19: insights from a conventional content analysis.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Symptom Severity and Duration of COVID-19 Are Correlated with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) Among Hospitalized Elderly Patients.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Evaluating the efficiency of emergency operation centers during pandemics: a cross-sectional study with operational managers in Iran.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Ear-Related Problems in Individuals Recovered From COVID-19.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Exploring nationwide policy interventions to control COVID-19 from the perspective of the rapid learning health system approach.Learning health systems · 2024Article
- Wastewater-based surveillance models for COVID-19: A focused review on spatio-temporal models.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Fear of COVID-19, insomnia, and eating disorder symptoms among Iranian college students.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2023Article
- Seroepidemiological and Molecular Survey for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children in Iran, September 2020 to June 2021: 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence and SARS-CoV-2 invasion in general populations: A scoping review over the first year of the pandemic.PloS one · 2023Article
- Editorial: Current research on serological analyses of infectious diseases.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- National geographical pattern of COVID-19 hospitalization, case fatalities, and associated factors in patients covered by Iran Health Insurance Organization.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Death anxiety, moral courage, and resilience in nursing students who care for COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2022Article
- A framework for reconstructing SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics using excess mortality data.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among urban Iranian population: findings from the second large population-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to estimate the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the general population of Iran.
methodsThe target population was all Iranian people aged 6 years and older in the country. A stratified random sampling design was used to select 28 314 people from among the individuals registered in the electronic health record systems used in primary health care in Iran. Venous blood was taken from each participant and tested for the IgG antibody against COVID-19. The prevalence of COVID-19 was estimated at provincial and national levels after adjusting for the measurement error of the laboratory test, non-response bias and sampling design.
resultsOf the 28 314 Iranians selected, 11 256 (39.75%) participated in the study. Of these, 5406 (48.0%) were male and 6851 (60.9%) lived in urban areas. The mean (standard deviation) participant age was 35.89 (18.61) years. The adjusted prevalence of COVID-19 until 20 August 2020 was estimated as 14.2% (95% uncertainty interval 13.3%-15.2%), which was equal to 11 958 346 (95% CI 11 211 011-12 746 776) individuals. The adjusted prevalences of infection were 14.6%, 13.8%, 16.6%, 11.7% and 19.4% among men, women, urban population, rural population and individuals aged 60 years or more, respectively. Ardabil, Golestan and Khuzestan provinces had the highest prevalence and Alborz, Hormozgan and Kerman provinces had the lowest.
conclusionsBased on the study results, a large proportion of the Iranian population had not yet been infected by COVID-19. The observance of hygienic principles and social restrictions should therefore continue until the majority of the population has been vaccinated.
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