ArticleDepression and anxiety2021
Sex-related effects in major depressive disorder: Results of the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression.
Article in Depression and anxiety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does dispositional envy predict depression severity in Ukrainian adults living in wartime?Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Gender differences in gray matter volume of the anterior cingulate cortex and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder: evidence from the REST-meta-MDD project.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Gender differences in risk factors for suicide attempts among young, first-episode and drug-naive major depressive disorder patients with anxiety symptoms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- MiR-182-5p: A Novel Biomarker in the Treatment of Depression in CSDS-Induced Mice.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- The role of the Toll like receptor 4 signaling in sex-specific persistency of depression-like behavior in response to chronic stress.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- The Role of Glutamate Underlying Treatment-resistant Depression.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Sex-differential association of suicide attempts with thyroid dysfunction in first-episode and drug-naïve young major depressive disorder patients with comorbid anxiety.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Age as a moderating factor of treatment resistance in depression.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Association between inflammatory cytokines and symptoms of major depressive disorder in adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Responses to Antidepressant Augmentations in Treatment-Resistant Depression.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Review
- J. Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas and Symptoms of Male Depression.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Toxicity Potential of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics in Relation to Other Medication and Alcohol: A Naturalistic and Retrospective Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Changes in major psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents from 2001 to 2020: A retrospective single-center study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Sex-related effects in major depressive disorder: Results of the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression.Depression and anxiety · 2021Article
- Roles, molecular mechanisms, and signaling pathways of TMEMs in neurological diseases.American journal of translational research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSex-related effects on the evolution and phenotype of major depressive disorder (MDD) were reported previously.
methodsThis European multicenter cross-sectional study compared sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment patterns between males and females in a real-world sample of 1410 in- and outpatients with current MDD.
resultsMale MDD patients (33.1%) were rather inpatients, suffered from moderate to high suicidality levels, received noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (ADs) as first-line AD treatment, generally higher mean AD daily doses, and showed a trend towards a more frequent administration of add-on treatments. Female MDD patients (66.9%) were rather outpatients, experienced lower suicidality levels, comorbid thyroid dysfunction, migraine, asthma, and a trend towards earlier disease onset.
conclusionsThe identified divergencies may contribute to the concept of male and female depressive syndromes and serve as predictors of disease severity and course, as they reflect phenomena that were repeatedly related to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Especially the greater necessity of inpatient treatment and more complex psychopharmacotherapy in men may reflect increased therapeutic efforts undertaken to treat suicidality and to avoid TRD. Hence, considering sex may guide the diagnostic and treatment processes towards targeting challenging clinical manifestations including comorbidities and suicidality, and prevention of TRD and chronicity.
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