ReviewEpidemiologic reviews2022
Matching Methods for Confounder Adjustment: An Addition to the Epidemiologist's Toolbox.
Review in Epidemiologic reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Patient- and Clinician-Related Factors Associated With the Reduction in Opioid Use Among Adults With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Response to letter regarding associations of dietary indices with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive adults.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Germany's Compulsory Forensic Addiction Treatment: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Recidivism Using Matched Groups.International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology · 2026Article
- Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS)Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2026Article
- Impact of online gambling on youth problem behaviors during COVID-19 periods in South Korea.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-term risk of death after tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Observational
- Mitigating Suicide Risk During the Military-to-Civilian Transition: The VA Veteran Sponsorship Initiative.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and incidence of asthma and wheeze in childhood: A register-based cohort study in Ronneby, Sweden.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Elective interval thoracic endovascular aortic repair versus medical management for uncomplicated type B aortic dissection among Medicare patients.JTCVS structural and endovascular · 2026Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors for New-onset Depression After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Effects of Psychiatric Inpatient or Residential Care on Service Use After Psychiatric Emergency Department Boarding.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Effects of a post-acute care management program on subsequent acute care utilization for hospitalized patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes and Health System Costs in Standard Public Maternity Care Compared to Private Obstetric-Led Care: A Population-Level Matched Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Observational
- Employment of artificial intelligence for early lung cancer diagnosis: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Pubertal development at age 12 in children born after fertility treatment: the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Burden of Atopic Dermatitis in Patients Initiating Systemic Therapies in the United States.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- MonitOring the health trajectory of patients with kNee osteoarthritis referred for orthopaedic opinion: Protocol for the MOTION parallel cohort-implementation study.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2025Article
- Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure May Increase Risk of Chronic Rhinosinusitis WIth Nasal Polyposis: Results From an Exposure-Matched Study.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- What About Nights, Weekends, and Wait Times? Adding an On-Demand Facilitated Telemedicine Buprenorphine Component to a Community-Based Peer Support Outreach Program.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Propensity score weighting and outcome regression are popular ways to adjust for observed confounders in epidemiologic research. Here, we provide an introduction to matching methods, which serve the same purpose but can offer advantages in robustness and performance. A key difference between matching and weighting methods is that matching methods do not directly rely on the propensity score and so are less sensitive to its misspecification or to the presence of extreme values. Matching methods offer many options for customization, which allow a researcher to incorporate substantive knowledge and carefully manage bias/variance trade-offs in estimating the effects of nonrandomized exposures. We review these options and their implications, provide guidance for their use, and compare matching methods with weighting methods. Because of their potential advantages over other methods, matching methods should have their place in an epidemiologist's methodological toolbox.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.