Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34109247›Full record

ArticleERJ open research2021

Increased myofibroblasts in the small airways, and relationship to remodelling and functional changes in smokers and COPD patients: potential role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Mathew Suji Eapen, Wenying Lu, Tillie L Hackett, Gurpreet Kaur Singhera, Malik Q Mahmood, Ashutosh Hardikar, Chris Ward, Eugene Haydn Walters, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ERJ open research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. A Single Cell Atlas of the COPD Lung Identifies Inflammatory Reprogramming in Fibroblasts.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Airway Spatial Transcriptomics in Smoking.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
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  12. Article
  13. Article
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  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Mathew Suji EapenRespiratory Translational Research Group, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-7059
Wenying LuRespiratory Translational Research Group, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
Tillie L HackettDept of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Gurpreet Kaur SingheraUBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Malik Q MahmoodSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia.
Ashutosh HardikarRespiratory Translational Research Group, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
Chris WardInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Eugene Haydn WaltersSchool of Medicine, and Menzies Institute of Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Sukhwinder Singh SohalRespiratory Translational Research Group, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
University of Tasmania · AUUniversity of British Columbia · CADeakin University · AUNewcastle University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPrevious reports have shown epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as an active process that contributes to small airway fibrotic pathology. Myofibroblasts are highly active pro-fibrotic cells that secrete excessive and altered extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we relate small airway myofibroblast presence with airway remodelling, physiology and EMT activity in smokers and COPD patients.

methodsLung resections from nonsmoker controls, normal lung function smokers and COPD current and ex-smokers were stained with anti-human α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen 1 and fibronectin. αSMA

resultsWe found an increase in subepithelial lamina propria (especially) and adventitia thickness in all pathological groups compared to nonsmoker controls. Increases in αSMA

conclusionsThis is the first systematic characterisation of small airway myofibroblasts in COPD based on their localisation, with statistically significant correlations between them and other pan-airway structural, lung function and ECM protein changes. Finally, we suggest that EMT may be involved in such changes.

Identifiers

PMID34109247
PMCPMC8181830
OpenAlexW3149670346

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.