ReviewERJ open research2021
Identification and treatment of T2-low asthma in the era of biologics.
Review in ERJ open research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhaled siRNA therapy targeting RAGE for pulmonary inflammation: a first-in-human randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Safety and effectiveness of benralizumab in Indian patients with severe eosinophilic asthma: results from the FAST study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of Tezepelumab in Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: Pooled Analysis of the PATHWAY and NAVIGATOR Clinical Trials.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Trial
- Exacerbation Profile and Risk Factors in a Type-2-Low Enriched Severe Asthma Cohort: A Clinical Trial to Assess Asthma Exacerbation Phenotypes.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Trial
- Immunometabolic Modulation in Obese Asthma: How GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Could Influence Systemic and Pulmonary Immune Phenotypes.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of asthma: from bench to bedside.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Reframing paucigranulocytic asthma through genetic endotyping: a hypothesis-generating focus on the 17q21 rs7216389 locus.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Beyond the Usual Suspects: Unmasking Low-T2 Asthma in Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Biological treatments for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BMJ medicine · 2026Review
- Asthma and corticosteroids "Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- The FOXA transcription factors in allergic airway disease and asthma.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Dynamic Regulation of Collagens, Proteases, Their Inhibitors, and Cell Death in Experimental Asthma in Mice.Allergy · 2026Article
- Biologic Therapies in Severe Asthma and Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: Targeted Therapy and Personalized Care.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Non-type 2 airway inflammation in severe asthma: from bench to bedside.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatial immune niche remodeling of the neutrophil-macrophage axis inchronic liver disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Clinical Remission in Severe Asthma: A Comparative Analysis of Patients with and Without Biologics from the Swiss Severe Asthma Registry.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Precision Medicine Advances in Chronic Lung Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Thrombophilic Changes and Hematological Complications in Asthmatic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Reference Values and Determinants of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in a Representative Adult Population in Western Sweden.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Article
- Unraveling the mechanisms of virus-induced asthma exacerbation: epithelial injury, immune dysregulation, and novel interventions.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Currently, and based on the development of relevant biologic therapies, T2-high is the most well-defined endotype of asthma. Although much progress has been made in elucidating T2-high inflammation pathways, no specific clinically applicable biomarkers for T2-low asthma have been identified. The therapeutic approach of T2-low asthma is a problem urgently needing resolution, firstly because these patients have poor response to steroids, and secondly because they are not candidates for the newer targeted biologic agents. Thus, there is an unmet need for the identification of biomarkers that can help the diagnosis and endotyping of T2-low asthma. Ongoing investigation is focusing on neutrophilic airway inflammation mediators as therapeutic targets, including interleukin (IL)-8, IL-17, IL-1, IL-6, IL-23 and tumour necrosis factor-α; molecules that target restoration of corticosteroid sensitivity, mainly mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors; phosphodiesterase (PDE)3 inhibitors that act as bronchodilators and PDE4 inhibitors that have an anti-inflammatory effect; and airway smooth muscle mass attenuation therapies, mainly for patients with paucigranulocytic inflammation. This article aims to review the evidence for noneosinophilic inflammation being a target for therapy in asthma; discuss current and potential future therapeutic approaches, such as novel molecules and biologic agents; and assess clinical trials of licensed drugs in the treatment of T2-low asthma.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.