Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Predictive of Survival Benefit with Lenvatinib in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From the Phase III REFLECT Study.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarker analyses from the phase III randomized CLEAR trial: lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of serum biomarkers as predictors of tumor dynamics following lenvatinib treatment in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC).CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Trial
- Patient characteristics to guide personalized treatment decisions and prognostication in hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatic oncology · 2026Review
- The role of FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway in liver health and disease: Guardian or destroyer.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Conversion Resection or Direct Resection for Patients with Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicentre Study.Liver cancer · 2026Article
- Calcium peroxide loaded liposomes reprogram hypoxic and acidic tumor microenvironment to overcome lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Advancing Systemic Treatment beyond First Line for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- The State of the Art in Combination Locoregional and Systemic Treatment Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Advancements and Future Horizons.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Gut and liver · 2026Review
- A Phase 1b Study of Lenvatinib plus Nivolumab in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor-based biomarkers and circulating tumor DNA for precision medicine in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Synergistic Strategies in Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2026Review
- Prognostic value of salt-inducible kinase 2 expression in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib or lenvatinib: a propensity score-matched cohort study.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities-a narrative review.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2025Review
- Advances in Systemic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Future Prospects.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Inhibition of the Caveolin-1 pathway promotes apoptosis and overcomes pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinibWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Serum FGF21 as a predictor of response to atezolizumab and bevacizumab in HCC.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- The evolving landscape of biomarkers for systemic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Unraveling tumoral heterogeneity and angiogenesis-associated mechanisms of PD-1 and LAG-3 dual inhibition in lung cancers by single-cell RNA sequencing.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 16 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn REFLECT, lenvatinib demonstrated an effect on overall survival (OS) by confirmation of noninferiority to sorafenib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. This analysis assessed correlations between serum or tissue biomarkers and efficacy outcomes from REFLECT. EXPERIMENTAL
designSerum biomarkers (VEGF, ANG2, FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23) were measured by ELISA. Gene expression in tumor tissues was measured by the nCounter PanCancer Pathways Panel. Pharmacodynamic changes in serum biomarker levels from baseline, and associations of clinical outcomes with baseline biomarker levels, were evaluated.
resultsFour hundred and seven patients were included in the serum analysis set (lenvatinib
conclusionsHigher baseline levels of VEGF, FGF21, and ANG2 may be prognostic for shorter OS. Higher baseline FGF21 may be predictive for longer OS with lenvatinib compared with sorafenib, but this needs confirmation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.