Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
A Phase Ib Study of Atezolizumab with Radium-223 Dichloride in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Combinations of treatments based on radiotherapy or radionuclides to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in advanced prostate cancer: a systematic review.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Randomized Phase II Study Evaluating the Addition of Pembrolizumab to Radium-223 in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2024Trial
- Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: Current Landscape and Combination Approaches to Improve Oncology Outcomes.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Radium-223 decreases PD-L1 expression in bone metastases: A study with [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness and safety of radium-223 therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Article
- Activation of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells prior to radiopharmaceutical therapy improves antitumor response.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- An Implantable Scaffold Sequentially Releasing STING Agonist and B7-H3 Antibody for Bone Metastasis Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Emerging role of radiopharmaceutical therapy in oncology: advances, challenges, and future directions.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Review
- Reversing enhancer RNA-mediated IKBKE gene repression enables synthetic anticancer immunity in prostate cancer models.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Influence of immune checkpoint inhibitor target and timing on combination treatment with antibody-based β-emitting targeted radionuclide therapy across tumor immunogenicity profiles.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The role of the tumor microenvironment in mediating radiopharmaceutical therapy: bridging nuclear medicine and cancer immunotherapy.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Targeted alpha therapy: a comprehensive analysis of the biological effects from "local-regional-systemic" dimensions.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Review
- Prostate Cancer Radioligand Therapy: PSMA and Beyond, Current Landscape and Future Directions.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- Proceedings of the National Cancer Institute Workshop on combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy: challenges and opportunities for clinical translation.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Article
- Clinical Evidence of Combining Radiopharmaceutical Therapy With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Applied radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer: emerging strategies, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Review
- Advances in the application of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for prostate cancer: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immune effects of α and β radionuclides in metastatic prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMen with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have limited treatment options after progressing on hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. Here, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) + radium-223 dichloride (radium-223) in men with mCRPC. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis phase Ib study evaluated atezolizumab + radium-223 in men with mCRPC and bone and lymph node and/or visceral metastases that progressed after androgen pathway inhibitor treatment. Following safety assessment of concurrent dosing, 45 men were randomized 1:1:1 to concurrent or one of two staggered dosing schedules with either agent introduced one cycle before the other. This was followed by a safety-efficacy expansion cohort (randomized 1:1:1). The primary endpoints were safety and objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints included radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), PSA responses, and overall survival (OS).
resultsAs of October 4, 2019, 44 of 45 men were evaluable. All 44 had ≥1 all-cause adverse event (AE); 23 (52.3%) had a grade 3/4 AE. Fifteen (34.1%) grade 3/4 and 3 (6.8%) grade 5 AEs were related to atezolizumab; none were related to radium-223. Confirmed ORR was 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-18.7], median rPFS was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.8-4.6), median PSA progression was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.8-3.3), and median OS was 16.3 months (95% CI, 10.9-22.3).
conclusionsThis phase Ib study demonstrated that atezolizumab + radium-223, regardless of administration schedule, had greater toxicity than either drug alone, with no clear evidence of additional clinical benefit for patients with mCRPC and bone and lymph node and/or visceral metastases.
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