Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34107298›Full record

ArticleImmunity2021

Microbiota-derived acetate activates intestinal innate immunity via the Tip60 histone acetyltransferase complex.

Bat-Erdene Jugder, Layla Kamareddine, Paula I Watnick

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Innate immunity: current understandings and future perspectives.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Dietary Lipids and Their Metabolism in the Midgut.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. The Gut Microbiota ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Gut microbiota shapes cancer immunotherapy responses.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Bat-Erdene JugderDivision of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Layla KamareddineDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Paula I WatnickDivision of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: paula.watnick@childrens.harvard.edu.
Boston Children's Hospital · USQatar University · QA

Funding

Resource Component: Acquisition, maintenance and distribution of Drosophila stocksP40OD018537 · OD · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI Annette L. Parks · 2014 to 2026
$13.5M
Vibrio cholerae quorum sensing as an intestinal symbiosis factor in a model arthropod hostR01AI162701 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI PAULA I WATNICK · 2021 to 2026
$4.3M
Control of intestinal innate immunity by the commensal microbiota in a model hostR01AI158247 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WATNICK, PAULA I · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
Vibrio cholerae colonization of the fly rectum and activation of natural competenR21AI109436 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WATNICK, PAULA I · 2014 to 2015
$485k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158247NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI162701NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI109436NIH HHS P40 OD018537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microbe-derived acetate activates the Drosophila immunodeficiency (IMD) pathway in a subset of enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the anterior midgut. In these cells, the IMD pathway co-regulates expression of antimicrobial and enteroendocrine peptides including tachykinin, a repressor of intestinal lipid synthesis. To determine whether acetate acts on a cell surface pattern recognition receptor or an intracellular target, we asked whether acetate import was essential for IMD signaling. Mutagenesis and RNA interference revealed that the putative monocarboxylic acid transporter Tarag was essential for enhancement of IMD signaling by dietary acetate. Interference with histone deacetylation in EECs augmented transcription of genes regulated by the steroid hormone ecdysone including IMD targets. Reduced expression of the histone acetyltransferase Tip60 decreased IMD signaling and blocked rescue by dietary acetate and other sources of intracellular acetyl-CoA. Thus, microbe-derived acetate induces chromatin remodeling within enteroendocrine cells, co-regulating host metabolism and intestinal innate immunity via a Tip60-steroid hormone axis that is conserved in mammals.

Indexed as

AcetatesAcetyl Coenzyme AAnimalsChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyDrosophila melanogasterDrosophila ProteinsEcdysoneEnteroendocrine CellsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHistone AcetyltransferasesImmunity, InnateIntestinesMonocarboxylic Acid TransportersRNA InterferenceSignal TransductionTachykininsAcetatesAcetyl Coenzyme ADrosophila ProteinsEcdysoneHistone AcetyltransferasesMonocarboxylic Acid TransportersTachykininsTip60 protein, DrosophilaacetateDrosophila melanogasterecdysoneecdysone receptorhistone acetylationhistone acetyltransferaseIMD pathwayinnate immunityintestinal microbiotamonocarboxylic acid transportTip60Vibrio cholerae

Identifiers

PMID34107298
PMCPMC8363570
OpenAlexW3168269017

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.