Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34105255›Full record

ReviewWiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA2022

The role of RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 in human disease.

Brian Song, Yusuke Shiromoto, Moeko Minakuchi, Kazuko Nishikura

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Viruses and celiac disease: what do we know ?Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Mechanisms, regulation and clinical relevance of necroptosis.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. HeterozygousiScience · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Deaminase Modulation Driving a New Era in Drug Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Brian SongDepartment of Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3061-0769
Yusuke ShiromotoDepartment of Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Moeko MinakuchiDepartment of Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Kazuko NishikuraDepartment of Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute · US

Funding

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DSRNA ADENOSINE DEAMINASER01GM040536 · NIGMS · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI NISHIKURA, KAZUKO · 1991 to 2021
$8.1M
Control of Breast Cancer Metastasis by Epstein-Barr Virus microRNAR01CA175058 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI NISHIKURA, KAZUKO · 2014 to 2018
$2.0M
Stress Response Functions of ADAR1 Regulated by MAP KinasesR01GM130716 · NIGMS · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI NISHIKURA, KAZUKO · 2019 to 2022
$1.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA175058NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM040536NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM130716
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) catalyzes the posttranscriptional conversion of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which can lead to the creation of missense mutations in coding sequences. Recent studies show that editing-dependent functions of ADAR1 protect dsRNA from dsRNA-sensing molecules and inhibit innate immunity and the interferon-mediated response. Deficiency in these ADAR1 functions underlie the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases such as the type I interferonopathies Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome and dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. ADAR1-mediated editing of endogenous coding and noncoding RNA as well as ADAR1 editing-independent interactions with DICER can also have oncogenic or tumor suppressive effects that affect tumor proliferation, invasion, and response to immunotherapy. The combination of proviral and antiviral roles played by ADAR1 in repressing the interferon response and editing viral RNAs alters viral morphogenesis and cell susceptibility to infection. This review analyzes the structure and function of ADAR1 with a focus on its position in human disease pathways and the mechanisms of its disease-associated effects. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.

Indexed as

Adenosine DeaminaseAutoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemNervous System MalformationsRNA-Binding ProteinsHumansInosineRNA, Double-StrandedRNA EditingADAR protein, humanAdenosine DeaminaseInosineRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA, Double-StrandedADAR1AGShuman diseaseinnate immunityRNA editing

Identifiers

PMID34105255
PMCPMC8651834
OpenAlexW3170636902

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.