ReviewPain reports
Effects of joint and nerve mobilisation on neuroimmune responses in animals and humans with neuromusculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Massage for neck pain.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Changes in biochemical markers following a spinal manipulation - a systematic review update.The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy · 2024Pooled it
- The potential protective effects of pre-injury exercise on neuroimmune responses following experimentally-induced traumatic neuropathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Immediate systemic neuroimmune responses following spinal mobilisation and manipulation in people with non-specific neck pain: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- (Cost-)Effectiveness of personalised multimodal physiotherapy compared to surgery in patients with painful cervical radiculopathy. Protocol for a randomised non-inferiority trial (The MOVE-IT study).Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Mechano responsiveness of neuroimmune cross-talk in bone and joints: A narrative review with implications for force-based manipulations.Musculoskeletal science & practice · 2026Review
- Physiological changes of cortisol and oxytocin following manual therapy: a scoping review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation at the Neuroforamina and Spinal Cord in Patients with Painful Cervical Radiculopathy and Pain-Free Participants: An [Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Quantification of neuroinflammation in spinal cord and neuroforamina of patients with painful cervical radiculopathy using [Frontiers in nuclear medicine · 2025Article
- Manual therapy compared to surgery in the treatment of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2024Article
- Review
- Manual therapy and exercise effects on inflammatory cytokines: a narrative overview.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2024Review
- Neuraxial biomechanics, fluid dynamics, and myodural regulation: rethinking management of hypermobility and CNS disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Article
- Neurodynamics: is tension contentious?The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several animal and human studies revealed that joint and nerve mobilisations positively influence neuroimmune responses in neuromusculoskeletal conditions. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been performed. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize the effects of joint and nerve mobilisation compared with sham or no intervention on neuroimmune responses in animals and humans with neuromusculoskeletal conditions. Four electronic databases were searched for controlled trials. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias, and graded the certainty of the evidence. Where possible, meta-analyses using random effects models were used to pool the results. Preliminary evidence from 13 animal studies report neuroimmune responses after joint and nerve mobilisations. In neuropathic pain models, meta-analysis revealed decreased spinal cord levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein, dorsal root ganglion levels of interleukin-1β, number of dorsal root ganglion nonneuronal cells, and increased spinal cord interleukin-10 levels. The 5 included human studies showed mixed effects of spinal manipulation on salivary/serum cortisol levels in people with spinal pain, and no significant effects on serum β-endorphin or interleukin-1β levels in people with spinal pain. There is evidence that joint and nerve mobilisations positively influence various neuroimmune responses. However, as most findings are based on single studies, the certainty of the evidence is low to very low. Further studies are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.