ReviewTherapeutic advances in drug safety2021
Anticholinergic burden measures and older people's falls risk: a systematic prognostic review.
Review in Therapeutic advances in drug safety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticholinergic Medication Burden Scales: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmaceutical interventions in self-medication: A descriptive study in community pharmacies.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale and Domain-Specific Functional Outcomes in Older Poststroke Patients.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Comparative predictive performance of anticholinergic burden scales for anticholinergic-related hospitalisation and emergency department visits in older adults: a population-based study of model development and temporal validation.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Associations between Anticholinergic Burden and Skeletal Muscle Indices and Physical Function in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.JMA journal · 2026Review
- Network-Based, Cross-Sectional Analysis of Drug-Related Problems Reveals a Strong Association of Possible Inappropriate Medication and Clinical Outcomes in Romanian Elderly Nursing Home Residents.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mental health and kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Beers Criteria Implementation in the Community Pharmacy Setting to Optimize Medication Management for Older Adults-A Pilot Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Health outcomes and costs in patients prescribed anticholinergic medications for overactive bladder.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- Context Is Medicine: Integrating the Exposome into Neurorehabilitation.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- A simulation study comparing anticholinergic drug use with polypharmacy for risk of death, dementia, and delirium in UK Biobank.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Ten-Year Outcomes of Anticholinergic Use Among Older Adults With Intellectual Disability: Findings From the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA).Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- The synergistic effect of anticholinergic burden and depression on fall risk in older persons.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Temporal Trends of Anticholinergic Drug Exposure Among Older Adults: A 25-Year Population-Based Study.Drug safety · 2025Article
- Anticholinergic medication use and falls in Australian residential aged care: a retrospective multisite cohort study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Multimorbidity, medications, and their association with falls, physical activity, and cognitive functions in older adults: multicenter study in Sri Lanka.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anticholinergic burden and health-related quality of life among adult patients in a resource-limited setting: a cross-sectional study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2024Article
- Drugs with Anticholinergic Properties and Association with Hip Fractures in Older Patients: A Danish Nationwide Cohort-Study.Journal of frailty, sarcopenia and falls · 2024Article
- Impact of the Anticholinergic Burden on Disease-Specific Symptoms in Parkinsonian Syndromes.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Increased anticholinergic medication use in middle-aged and older autistic adults and its associations with self-reported memory difficulties and cognitive decline.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSeveral adverse outcomes have been associated with anticholinergic burden (ACB), and these risks increase with age. Several approaches to measuring this burden are available but, to date, no comparison of their prognostic abilities has been conducted. This PROSPERO-registered systematic review (CRD42019115918) compared the evidence behind ACB measures in relation to their ability to predict risk of falling in older people.
methodsMedline (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL (EMBSCO) and PsycINFO (OVID) were searched using comprehensive search terms and a validated search filter for prognostic studies. Inclusion criteria included: participants aged 65 years and older, use of one or more ACB measure(s) as a prognostic factor, cohort or case-control in design, and reporting falls as an outcome. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool.
resultsEight studies reporting temporal associations between ACB and falls were included. All studies were rated high risk of bias in ⩾1 QUIPS tool categories, with five rated high risk ⩾3 categories. All studies (274,647 participants) showed some degree of association between anticholinergic score and increased risk of falls. Findings were most significant with moderate to high levels of ACB. Most studies (6/8) utilised the anticholinergic cognitive burden scale. No studies directly compared two or more ACB measures and there was variation in how falls were measured for analysis.
conclusionThe evidence supports an association between moderate to high ACB and risk of falling in older people, but no conclusion can be made regarding which ACB scale offers best prognostic value in older people. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.