ArticleTobacco control2022
Underutilisation of no-tobacco-sale orders against retailers that repeatedly sell to minors, 2015-2019, USA.
Article in Tobacco control, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing Social Vulnerability and FDA Tobacco Retailer Compliance Inspections and Violations in Los Angeles County, CA (2021-2023).Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Marketing by online tobacco retailers: An observational cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- "You're Not a Cop, Right?" How Tobacco Retailers Navigate Underage Tobacco Purchases at the Point of Sale: A Qualitative Analysis of Underage Buyers' Comments from Three U.S. states.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Impact of the California state flavoured tobacco sales restriction on e-cigarette use behaviours among youth.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Weak Age Restriction Enforcement and Retailer Proliferation Reveal Limits in Tobacco Control Policy.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Evaluating MIR and NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with Multivariate Analysis for Detection and Quantification of Additives in Tobacco Products.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Retailers' Compliance with Federal Age of Cigarette Sales Policies -- Pitt County, North Carolina, January-March 2022.North Carolina medical journal · 2024Article
- An Observational Study of Regulatory Violations Related to Online Tobacco Product Marketing and Retailer Responses to US FDA Warning Letters.Tobacco use insights · 2024Article
- Underage Sales of Tobacco in Dollar Stores and Top Grocery Stores, 2015-2020, U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Rates of Age Verification for Cigarette and E-cigarette Purchases as a Function of State T21 Laws Before and After Implementation of the Federal T21 Law in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Using place-based characteristics to inform FDA tobacco sales inspections: results from a multilevel propensity score model.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Compliance Checks Decrease Cigarette Sales Rates to Pseudo-Underaged Mystery Shoppers: A Quasi-Experimental Control Group Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Draining the tobacco swamps: Shaping the built environment to reduce tobacco retailer proximity to residents in 30 big US cities.Health & place · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceResearch demonstrates that policies aimed at retailers who sell to minors must be strongly enforced to have an impact on youth usage rates.
objectivesIn the USA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducts compliance checks, issues fines, and can order retailers to stop selling tobacco products (ie, no-tobacco-sale orders (NTSOs)) to enforce the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. We sought to assess FDA's utilisation of NTSOs.
methodsWe conducted a quantitative content analysis of FDA's enforcement actions for inspections decided between 1 October 2015 and 29 March 2019. From the 536 134 inspection records we identified 148 NTSOs and 249 720 unique retailer locations, of which 2095 had three or more violations. We randomly sampled NTSOs (n=76) and retail locations (n=152) with frequent violations. We calculated the proportion of NTSOs that could have been issued earlier by FDA. We then calculated the proportion of retailers that could have been issued an NTSO, and the proportion actually issued an NTSO using FDA's approach and a more stringent approach.
resultsAmong NTSOs, 94.7% (95% CI: 89.8% to 97.4%) of NTSOs could have been issued earlier under a more stringent approach. On average, when an NTSO could have been issued earlier, it could have been issued 453 days earlier (95% CI: 418 to 489; range: 89-1159). Among frequently violating retail locations, 73.6% (95% CI: 66.0% to 80.0%) were eligible for an NTSO. Of those, 1.9% (95% CI: 0.5% to 7.0%) had received an NTSO.
conclusionsThe FDA's failure to fully leverage its powers to address retailers' underage sales of tobacco products has weakened efforts to curb the youth e-cigarette epidemic.
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