ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021
Heterogeneity in tertiary lymphoid structure B-cells correlates with patient survival in metastatic melanoma.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in digestive system cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Neoadjuvant tislelizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: the exploratory NAIVE trial.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
- The Tumor Immune Landscape and Architecture of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Urothelial Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- B cells and humoral immunity in melanoma: regulatory and autoimmune-like features and implications for immunotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in gastrointestinal cancer: orchestrating tumour microenvironmental immune subcycles to elegantly amplify the cancer immunity cycle.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: their development, composition, clinical prognosis, and the drivers of the anti-tumor responses.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Circulating B cell and T cell activation states predict clinical outcomes in melanoma and reveal dynamic immune reinvigoration with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Migration of immune cells in tumors and inflammation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting IFN-I driven tertiary lymphoid structures halts B cell-mediated bone loss in periodontitis.International journal of oral science · 2026Article
- The Ki-67 proliferation index in tertiary lymphoid structures as a predictor of survival outcomes in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Modeling development of tertiary lymphoid structures in pulmonary tuberculosis by 3D profiling and trajectory analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Phenotypic, functional, prognostic and predictive significance of B-cell and antibody responses in human melanoma: a scoping review.The British journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Article
- Chemokine-chemokine receptor axis: Emerging immunotherapeutic paradigms for solid tumor microenvironment reprogramming.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Reprogramming myeloid cells and restoring T cell fitness in checkpoint inhibitor resistant melanoma patients.Biomarker research · 2026Article
- Spatial and phenotypic plasticity of B cells in remodeling the tumor microenvironment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- From Immunobiology to Clinical Application: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Melanoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Peritumoural adipose tissue drives immune evasion in colorectal cancer via adipose-mesenchymal transformation.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Clinical impact and therapeutic potential of tertiary lymphoid structures in melanoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic roles and clinical applications of tertiary lymphoid structures in colorectal cancer drug resistance.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2026Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are immune aggregates in peripheral tissues that may support adaptive immune responses. Their presence has been associated with clinical response to checkpoint blockade therapy (CBT), but it is unknown whether TLS have prognostic significance independent of CBT in melanoma. We hypothesized that TLS in melanoma metastases would be associated with increased intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration, but that the intra-TLS immunological milieu would be distinct from the intratumoral immunological milieu. We also hypothesized that the presence of TLS would be associated with improved survival, and that TLS maturation or intra-TLS lymphocyte activity would also correlate with survival.
methodsCutaneous melanoma metastases (CMM) from 64 patients were evaluated by multiplex immunofluorescence for the presence and maturation status of TLS. Intra-TLS lymphocyte density, proliferation and B-cell Ig somatic hypermutation (AID
resultsTLS were identified in 30 (47%) of 64 CMM (TLS
conclusionsThe presence of TLS in CMMs is associated with improved OS in patients treated with surgery before CBT, but TLS vary widely in maturation state, in proportions of proliferating T and B cells, and in markers of B cell function, including AID and CD21. Importantly, these features have additional prognostic significance, which suggest that some TLS may have regulatory function, while others functioning to support antigen-driven immune responses, depending on the cellular composition and activation status.
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