ArticleJournal of stroke2021
Long-Term Changes in Post-Stroke Depression, Emotional Incontinence, and Anger.
Article in Journal of stroke, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Role of social support in poststroke depression: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Stroke-Related Knowledge and Self-Management Behaviours in Patients With Ischemic Stroke: Serial Mediation by Health Beliefs and Depression.Nursing open · 2026Observational
- Dynamic Hemispheric Lateralization of Naturalistic Emotional Processing After Unilateral Stroke: An EEG Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Anxiety and depression one year after the first stroke among Lebanese survivors: proportions, changes, and predictors.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Analysis of the current status and associated factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and elderly stroke patients-based on CHARLS data.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Psychological impact of COVID-19 containment on CADASIL patients.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Is sleep quality a moderated mediator between perceived stress and depression among stroke patients?Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Depression status and functional outcome of patients with ischemic stroke and the impact on caregivers living in Chengdu: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Anger, a Result and Cause of Stroke: A Narrative Review.Journal of stroke · 2022Review
- Experiences and needs of the caregivers of stroke survivors in Malaysia-A phenomenological exploration.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Post-stroke dizziness in anterior vs. posterior circulation ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeLong-term changes in post-stroke depression (PSD), post-stroke emotional incontinence (PSEI), and post-stroke anger (PSA) have rarely been studied.
methodsThis is a sub-study of EMOTION, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, that examined the efficacy of escitalopram on PSD, PSEI, and PSA in patients with stroke. We interviewed patients at the long-term period (LTP) using predefined questionnaires: Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) for PSD, modified Kim's criteria for PSEI, and Spielberger trait anger scale for PSA. Additionally, the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) for the social support state and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were measured. We investigated the changes in and factors behind PSD, PSEI, and PSA at LTP.
resultsA total of 222 patients were included, and the median follow-up duration was 59.5 months (interquartile range, 50 to 70). Compared to the data at 6 months post-stroke, the prevalence of PSEI (11.7% at 6 months, 6.3% at LTP; P=0.05) and mean anger score (21.62, 16.24; P<0.01) decreased, while the prevalence of PSD (35.6%, 44.6%; P=0.03) and mean MADRS (6.16, 8.67; P<0.01) increased at LTP. ESSI was associated with PSD and PSA, but not with PSEI. The effect of the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on PSD decreased over time. The effect of low social support on PSD was greater than that of mRS at LTP.
conclusionsThe prevalence and degree of PSD significantly increased, while those of PSEI and PSA decreased at LTP. PSD in this stage appeared to be more closely associated with a lack of social support than patients' physical disabilities.
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