Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34102000›Full record

ArticleCancer medicine2021

Characterizing online crowdfunding campaigns for patients with kidney cancer.

Hannah S Thomas, Austin W Lee, Behnam Nabavizadeh, Nikan K Namiri, Nizar Hakam, Patrick Martin-Tuite, Natalie Rios, Anthony Enriquez, Nnenaya A Mmonu, Andrew J Cohen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. GoFundMe®: Crowdfunding Among Young Adult Patients With Cancer.Clinical journal of oncology nursing · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Hannah S ThomasUniversity of Edinburgh School of Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8796-5646
Austin W LeeDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Behnam NabavizadehDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4378-9243
Nikan K NamiriDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nizar HakamDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Patrick Martin-TuiteDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Natalie RiosDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Anthony EnriquezDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nnenaya A MmonuDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Andrew J CohenThe Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Benjamin N BreyerDepartment of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · USJohns Hopkins Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCancer patients incur high care costs; however, there is a paucity of literature characterizing unmet financial obligations for patients with urologic cancers. Kidney cancer patients are particularly burdened by costs associated with novel systemic treatments. This study aimed to ascertain the characteristics of GoFundMe® crowdfunding campaigns for patients with kidney cancer, in order to better understand the financial needs of this population.

methodsWe performed a cross-sectional, quantitative, and qualitative analysis of all kidney cancer GoFundMe® campaigns since 2010. Fundraising metrics such as goal funds and amount raised, were extracted. Eight independent investigators collected patient, disease and campaign-level variables from campaign stories (κ = 0.72). In addition, we performed a content analysis of campaign narratives spotlighting the primary appeal of the patient's life story.

resultsA total of 486 GoFundMe® kidney cancer campaigns were reviewed. The median goal funds were 10,000USD [IQR = 5000, 20,000] and the median amount raised was 1450USD [IQR = 578, 4050]. Most campaigns were for adult males (53%) and 62% of adults had children. A minority were for pediatric patients (17%). Thirty-seven percent of adult patients were primary wage earners and 43% reported losing their job or substantially reducing hours due to illness. Twenty-nine percent reported no insurance or insufficient coverage. Campaigns most frequently sought funds for medical bills (60%), nonmedical bills (27%), and medical travel (23%). Qualitative campaign narratives mostly emphasized patients' hardship (46.3%) or high moral character (35.2%). Only 8% of campaigns achieved their target funds.

conclusionsDespite fundraising efforts, patients with kidney cancer face persistent financial barriers, incurring both medical and nonmedical cost burdens. This may be compounded by limited or no insurance. Cancer care providers should be aware of financial constraints placed on kidney cancer patients, and consider how these may impact treatment regimens.

Indexed as

Health Care CostsAdultChildCost of IllnessCross-Sectional StudiesCrowdsourcingFemaleFinancial StressFund RaisingHumansInsurance CoverageKidney NeoplasmsMaleMedically UninsuredPersonal Narratives as TopicQualitative ResearchcrowdfundingfundraisingGoFundMeinsurancekidney neoplasm

Identifiers

PMID34102000
PMCPMC8267118
OpenAlexW3171876577

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.