ReviewClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2021
Moving Pharmacogenetics Into Practice: It's All About the Evidence!
Review in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical Relevance of the 516 G>T Polymorphism in CYP2B6 and Its Effects on Efavirenz Concentrations in Patients with HIV and Tuberculosis: A Meta-analysis.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Pooled it
- Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Pharmacogenetics of Pharmacists in the Netherlands: A National Online Survey Study.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Article
- Potential of pharmacogenetics in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases - a danish report overview from 2000 - 2024.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2026Review
- Pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing in Italy: a review of evidence and multidisciplinary consensus on key priorities for implementation.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Insights Into Patient-Level Exposure to Actionable Pharmacogenomic Medications in Australia Using a New National Pharmacogenomic Guideline.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Genetic and Genomic Testing in Cardiovascular Disease: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Pharmacogenomics in Orofacial Clefts Care: Insights from Whole-Genome Sequencing of Case-Parents Trios.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Personalizing cancer therapy: the role of pharmacogenetics in overcoming drug resistance and toxicity.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- The Perceived Value of Pharmacogenetic Testing in Depression Treatment: Mixed-Methods Results From the PRIME Care Study.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenetic Influences on Individual Responses to Ocular Hypotensive Agents in Glaucoma Patients.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Genomic medicine and personalized treatment: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- The Pharmacogenomics Global Research Network Implementation Working Group: global collaboration to advance pharmacogenetic implementation.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2025Article
- The history and future of pharmacogenetics in Aotearoa/New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2025Review
- Clinical impact of pharmacogenomics in pediatric care: insights extracted from clinical exome sequencing.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Development of a Multifaceted Program for Pharmacogenetics Adoption at an Academic Medical Center: Practical Considerations and Lessons Learned.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Article
- Receptor Pharmacogenomics: Deciphering Genetic Influence on Drug Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Pharmacogenetic Panel-Based Prediction of the Clinical Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Recommendations for pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice guidelines in the US.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2024Review
- Genetic risk factors for drug-induced long QT syndrome: findings from a large real-world case-control study.Pharmacogenomics · 2024Observational
- Challenges of pediatric pharmacotherapy: A narrative review of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The evidence for pharmacogenetics has grown rapidly in recent decades. However, the strength of evidence required for the clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics is highly debated. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize different perspectives on the evidence required for the clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics. First, we present two patient cases that demonstrate how knowledge of pharmacogenetic evidence affected their care. Then we summarize resources that curate pharmacogenetic evidence, types of evidence (with an emphasis on randomized controlled trials [RCT]) and their limitations, and different perspectives from implementers, clinicians, and patients. We compare pharmacogenetics to a historical example (i.e., the evidence required for the clinical implementation of pharmacokinetics/therapeutic drug monitoring), and we provide future perspectives on the evidence for pharmacogenetic panels and the need for more education in addition to evidence. Although there are differences in the interpretation of pharmacogenetic evidence across resources, efforts for standardization are underway. Survey data illustrate the value of pharmacogenetic testing from the patient perspective, with their providers seen as key to ensuring maximum benefit from test results. However, clinicians and practice guidelines from medical societies often rely on RCT data to guide treatment decisions, which are not always feasible or ethical in pharmacogenetics. Thus, recognition of other types of evidence to support pharmacogenetic implementation is needed. Among pharmacogenetic implementers, consistent evidence of pharmacogenetic associations is deemed most critical. Ultimately, moving pharmacogenetics into practice will require consideration of multiple stakeholder perspectives, keeping particularly attuned to the voice of the ultimate stakeholder-the patient.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.