Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34100385›Full record

ArticleJCI insight2021

Distinctive waves of innate immune response in the retina in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Andrés Cruz-Herranz, Frederike C Oertel, Kicheol Kim, Ester Cantó, Garrett Timmons, Jung H Sin, Michael Devereux, Nicholas Baker, Brady Michel, Ryan D Schubert and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Non-invasiveFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Andrés Cruz-HerranzWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Frederike C OertelWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Kicheol KimWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ester CantóWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Garrett TimmonsWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jung H SinWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Michael DevereuxWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Nicholas BakerWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Brady MichelWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ryan D SchubertWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Lakshmisahithi RaniWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Christian CordanoWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Sergio E BaranziniWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ari J GreenWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Establishing VEP as a quantitative biomarker for remyelination using transgenic models for gain and loss of functionR01NS105741 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GREEN, ARI J · 2018 to 2022
$1.8M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS105741
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurodegeneration mediates neurological disability in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS. The role of innate immune cells in mediating this damage has remained controversial with evidence for destructive and protective effects. This has complicated efforts to develop treatment. The time sequence and dynamic evolution of the opposing functions are especially unclear. Given limits of in vivo monitoring in human diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), animal models are warranted to investigate the association and timing of innate immune activation with neurodegeneration. Using noninvasive in vivo retinal imaging of experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) in CX3CR1GFP/+-knock-in mice followed by transcriptional profiling, we are able to show 2 distinct waves separated by a marked reduction in the number of innate immune cells and change in cell morphology. The first wave is characterized by an inflammatory phagocytic phenotype preceding the onset of EAE, whereas the second wave is characterized by a regulatory, antiinflammatory phenotype during the chronic stage. Additionally, the magnitude of the first wave is associated with neuronal loss. Two transcripts identified - growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) - might be promising targets for enhancing protective effects of microglia in the chronic phase after initial injury.

Indexed as

AnimalsCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1Disease ProgressionEncephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalFreund's AdjuvantGene Expression ProfilingGene Knock-In TechniquesGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6Immunity, InnateIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMiceMicrogliaMyelin-Oligodendrocyte GlycoproteinPeptide FragmentsPhagocytosisRetinaCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1Cx3cr1 protein, mouseFreund's AdjuvantGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6Intercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMyelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoproteinmyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55)Peptide FragmentsSocs3 protein, mouseSuppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 ProteinInnate immunityMultiple sclerosisNeurodegenerationNeuroscience

Identifiers

PMID34100385
PMCPMC8262300
OpenAlexW3165949458

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.