Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34099968›Full record

ArticleSustainable cities and society2021

Indoors ventilation in times of confinement by SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: A comparative approach between Spain and Italy.

Ester Lepore, Patricia Aguilera Benito, Carolina Piña Ramírez, Giacomo Viccione

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sustainable cities and society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. TiOScientific reports · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ester LeporeUniversity of Salerno, Deparment of Civil Engineering, Fisciano, Italy.
Patricia Aguilera BenitoPolytechnic University of Madrid, Higher Technical School of Building, Department of Building Technology, Spain.
Carolina Piña RamírezPolytechnic University of Madrid, Higher Technical School of Building, Department of Architectural Construction and its Control, Spain.
Giacomo ViccioneUniversity of Salerno, Deparment of Civil Engineering, Fisciano, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the scientific academia, as well as policymakers, are striving to conceive solutions as an attempt to contain the spreading of contagion. Among the adopted measures, severe lockdown restrictions were issued to avoid the diffusion of the virus in an uncontrolled way through public spaces. It can be deduced from recent literature that the primary route of transmission is via aerosols, produced mainly in poorly ventilated interior areas where infected people spend a lot of time with other people. Concerning contagion rates, accumulated incidence or number of hospitalizations due to COVID-19, Spain, and Italy have reached very high levels. In this framework, a regression analysis to assess the feasibility of the indoor ventilation measures established in Spain and Italy, with respect to the European framework, is here presented. To this aim, ten cases of housing typology were and analyzed. The results show that the measures established in the applicable regulations to prevent and control the risk of contagion by aerosols are not adequate to guarantee a healthy environment indoors. The current Italian guidelines are more restrictive than in Spain, yet the ventilation levels are still insufficient in times of pandemic.

Indexed as

ACH, air changes per hourCO2, carbon dioxideCO, Carbon MonoxideCOVID-19COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019CTE, Technical Building Code, SpainEN, European StandardsF, Statistical test F (Ronald Fisher)HS, basic documenton salubrityIAQ, indoor air qualityIEQcat, Indoor Environmental Quality category for designIEQ, Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor air qualityItalyNOX, oxides of nitrogenns, crowding index per unit areaO3, ozoneOMS (WHO), World Health OrganizationPM, Particulate Matterppm, parts per millionp, significance valueqB, ventilation rate for building materialsQop, specific external air flow per personqp, ventilation rate for peopleqv, minimum flow for housingSARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2SIMA, Italian Society of Environmental MedicineSO2, sulfur dioxideSpainUNESCO, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNE, Spanish Association for StandardisationUNI, Italian national unification bodyVentilationΔCO2, difference in CO2 concentration

Identifiers

PMID34099968
PMCPMC8172273

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.