ArticleBiological psychiatry2022
Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unravelling sex differences in the genetic architecture of anxiety.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Sex-stratified genome-wide association meta-analysis of major depressive disorder.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-regression of genome-wide association studies to estimate age-varying genetic effects.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical characteristics indexing genetic differences in bipolar disorder - a systematic review.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Cell type specific transcriptomic differences in depression show similar patterns between males and females but implicate distinct cell types and genes.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- DNA methylation and general psychopathology in childhood: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis from the PACE consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Sex-specific association of IDO1 gene with schizophrenia and imbalanced levels of cytokines and neuroactive kynurenine metabolites in relapsed patients.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Identification of comprehensive genetic factors, pathways, and shared genetic architecture of putamen volume in adolescent cohort.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sex-stratified insights into the genetics of brain volumes in late adulthood.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of interactions between brain aging and late-onset psychoses using heuristic mapping models.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Polygenic risk for schizophrenia is associated with psychomotor vigilance performance impairment during sleep deprivation in women.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Estradiol modulates neuronal network hyperexcitability in select NDD risk genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identifying genome-by-childhood trauma interactions for depression using a forest-based approach in the UK Biobank and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Causal effect heterogeneity estimation using summary statistics.Research square · 2026Article
- Insights into Dysregulated GABAergic Synapses and Depression: A Complex and Evolving Relationship.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Change in brain molecular landscapes following electrical stimulation of the nucleus accumbens.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- No causal links between estradiol and female's brain and mental health using Mendelian randomization.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Sex-Specific Genetic Architecture and Comorbidities of Alcohol Use Behaviors.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Genotype-by-sex interaction analyses for alcohol use disorder across biobanks.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
135 authors at 20 institutions in 21 countries.
Gabriëlla A M BloklandDepartment of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address: gam.blokland@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
Jakob GroveDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Genome Analysis and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; Bioinformatics Research Centre (BiRC), Aarhus, Denmark.
Chia-Yen ChenPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Biogen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Chris CotsapasStanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Departments of Neurology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Stuart TobetInnovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine (ICON), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Robert HandaInnovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine (ICON), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
David St ClairUniversity of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Todd LenczThe Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; The Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York; The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York.
Bryan J MowryQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Sathish PeriyasamyQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park - Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia.
Murray J CairnsSchizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Paul A TooneySchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jing Qin WuSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Brian KellyPriority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
George KirovMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Patrick F SullivanDepartments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Aiden CorvinNeuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Brien P RileyVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Tõnu EskoStanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Lili MilaniBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Erik G JönssonDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Aarno PalotiePsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Hannelore EhrenreichDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
Martin BegemannDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
Agnes Steixner-KumarDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
Pak C ShamDepartment of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China; State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China; Centre for Genomic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China.
Nakao IwataDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
Daniel R WeinbergerLieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Pablo V GejmanDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois.
Alan R SandersDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois.
Joseph D BuxbaumDepartments of Human Genetics and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Dan RujescuDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Ina GieglingDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Bettina KonteDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
Annette M HartmannDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
Elvira BramonMental Health Neuroscience Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Robin M MurrayInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Michele T PatoInstitute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Jimmy LeeResearch Division and Department of General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
Ingrid MelleNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Espen MoldenCenter for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Roel A OphoffUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine, and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
Andrew McQuillinMolecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Nicholas J BassMolecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Rolf AdolfssonDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University Medical Faculty, Umeå, Sweden.
Anil K MalhotraThe Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; The Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York; The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York.
Bipolar Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Nicholas G MartinSchool of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Janice M FullertonNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Philip B MitchellSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Peter R SchofieldNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Andreas J ForstnerCentre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Franziska DegenhardtInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Sabrina SchauppInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Ashley L ComesInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany.
Manolis KogevinasISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
José Guzman-ParraMental Health Department, University Regional Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
Andreas ReifDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Fabian StreitDepartment of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Lea SirignanoDepartment of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Sven CichonInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Maria Grigoroiu-SerbanescuBiometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Joanna HauserDepartment of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Jolanta LissowskaCancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
Fermin MayoralMental Health Department, University Regional Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
Bertram Müller-MyhsokUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
Beata ŚwiątkowskaDepartment of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Thomas G SchulzeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Markus M NöthenInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Marcella RietschelDepartment of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
John KelsoeDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Marion LeboyerFaculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.
Stéphane JamainFaculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.
Bruno EtainCentre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; UMR-S1144 Team 1 Biomarkers of relapse and therapeutic response in addiction and mood disorders, INSERM, Paris, France; Psychiatry, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
Frank BellivierDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; UMR-S1144 Team 1 Biomarkers of relapse and therapeutic response in addiction and mood disorders, INSERM, Paris, France; Psychiatry, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Paris Bipolar and TRD Expert Centres, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France.
John B VincentCentre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Martin AldaDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
Claire O'DonovanDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Pablo CervantesDepartment of Psychiatry, Mood Disorders Program, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Joanna M BiernackaDepartment of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Mark FryeDepartment of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Susan L McElroyResearch Institute, Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, Ohio.
Laura J ScottCenter for Statistical Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Eli A StahlMedical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Mikael LandénDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Marian L HamshereMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Olav B SmelandNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Srdjan DjurovicDepartment of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Arne E VaalerDepartment of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, St Olavs' University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Ole A AndreassenNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Bernhard T BauneDepartment of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Tracy AirDiscipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austrlalia, Australia.
Martin PreisigDepartment of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Rudolf UherDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Douglas F LevinsonPsychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Myrna M WeissmanDepartment of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; Division of Translational Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
James B PotashDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Jianxin ShiDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
James A KnowlesPsychiatry & The Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Roy H PerlisPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Susanne LucaeDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
Dorret I BoomsmaDepartment of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Brenda W J H PenninxDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jouke-Jan HottengaDepartment of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Eco J C de GeusDepartment of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Gonneke WillemsenDepartment of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Yuri MilaneschiDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Henning TiemeierChild and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Hans J GrabeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Alexander TeumerInstitute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Sandra Van der AuweraDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Uwe VölkerInterfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Steven P HamiltonKaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, California.
Patrik K E MagnussonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Alexander ViktorinDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Divya MehtaSchool of Psychology and Counseling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Niamh MullinsDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Mark J AdamsDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Gerome BreenNIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Andrew M McIntoshDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Cathryn M LewisDepartment of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Sex Differences Cross-Disorder Analysis Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
iPSYCH
David M HougaardThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Merete NordentoftThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ole MorsThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.
Preben B MortensenCentre for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research (NCCR), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Thomas WergeDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
Thomas D AlsDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Genome Analysis and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark.
Anders D BørglumDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Genome Analysis and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark.
Tracey L PetryshenPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts.
Jordan W SmollerPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Jill M GoldsteinInnovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine (ICON), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry and Vincent Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; MGH-MIT-HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts; Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: jill_goldstein@hms.harvard.edu.
Genomics (United Kingdom) · GBBroad Institute · USKing's College London · GBInserm · FROslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Bonn · DEDalhousie University · CAAarhus University · DKUNSW Sydney · AULundbeck Foundation · DKUniversitätsmedizin Greifswald · DEUniversity of Southern California · USHeidelberg University · DEJohns Hopkins University · USStatens Serum Institut · DKMassachusetts General Hospital · USNational Cancer Institute · USUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Edinburgh · GBKarolinska Institutet · SE
Funding
African Ancestry Genomic Psychiatry CohortR01MH104964 · NIMH · SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER · PI BIGDELI, TIM BERNARD, FANOUS, AYMAN H · 2015 to 2024
$16.7MSex Differences in Major Depression, Part II: Impact of Prenatal Immune, Autonomic and Neurovascular FunctionU54MH118919 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Gabriela Apiou · 2020 to 2026
$12.7MLatino Ancestry Genomic Psychiatry CohortR01MH123451 · NIMH · SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER · PI BIGDELI, TIM BERNARD, FANOUS, AYMAN H · 2020 to 2025
$7.1MGenetic Determinants of Schizophrenia Intermediate PhenotypesR01MH092380 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI PETRYSHEN, TRACEY · 2012 to 2015
$2.4MCancer Research UK 4584Medical Research Council G0901310NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH092380NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH104964NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123451NIMH NIH HHS U54 MH118919
Abstract
backgroundSex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk.
methodsWe conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH.
resultsAcross disorders, genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism-by-sex interaction was detected for a locus encompassing NKAIN2 (rs117780815, p = 3.2 × 10
conclusionsIn the largest genome-wide G×S analysis of mood and psychotic disorders to date, there was substantial genetic overlap between the sexes. However, significant sex-dependent effects were enriched for genes related to neuronal development and immune and vascular functions across and within SCZ, BIP, and MDD at the variant, gene, and pathway levels.
Indexed as
Major Depressive DisorderPsychotic DisordersSex CharacteristicsBipolar DisorderEndothelial CellsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorSchizophreniaSulfurtransferasesMOCOS protein, humanReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorSulfurtransferasesBipolar disorderGenome-wide association studyGenotype-by-sex interactionMajor depressive disorderSchizophreniaSex differences
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