ArticleBMC psychology2021
Efficacy of affirmative cognitive behavioural group therapy for sexual and gender minority adolescents and young adults in community settings in Ontario, Canada.
Article in BMC psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of psychosocial interventions to reduce affective symptoms in sexual and gender minorities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Digital intervention in improving the outcomes of mental health among LGBTQ+ youth: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- LGBTQ + Affirmative CBT: a hierarchical linear model of longitudinal outcomes and mechanisms of change.BMC psychology · 2025Trial
- Guided internet-based LGBTQ-affirmative cognitive-behavioral therapy: A randomized controlled trial among sexual minority men in China.Behaviour research and therapy · 2024Trial
- Reducing stigma and promoting HIV wellness/mental health of sexual and gender minorities: RCT results from a group-based programme in Nigeria.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Trial
- An Identity-Affirming Web Application to Help Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Cope With Minority Stress: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Training in LGBTQ-affirmative cognitive behavioral therapy: A randomized controlled trial across LGBTQ community centers.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Child and adolescent psychiatry: challenges, solutions, opportunities, and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Developmental assets and mental health among black sexual minority male adolescents: A dominance analysis of depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026Article
- Well-Being and Sexual Diversity in Higher Education: The Role of Mental Health, Optimism, Academic Performance, and Motivation in Portuguese Students.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychosocial and mental health outcomes associated with gender-affirming interventions among transgender youth: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Neuroscientific Framework of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for Mental Health Across Diverse Cultural Populations: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness, Delivery Methods, and Engagement.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Review
- Engaging and strengthening youth through international community-based research: Implementation and evaluation of an International Youth Advisory Board.American journal of community psychology · 2025Article
- Leveraging community engagement and human-centered design to develop multilevel implementation strategies to enhance adoption of a health equity intervention.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Navigating Gender-Affirming Healthcare in Adverse Political Climates: Experience from a University-Based Transgender Clinic in Türkiye.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Unmet Health Care Use Among Socially Withdrawn Youth (Hikikomori) in South Korea: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Mental Health Treatment Preferences of Sexual Minority Youth and Young Adults: Findings from Three Samples.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2025Article
- The Role of Affirming Language.JAMA · 2025Article
- Internalized Transnegativity, Self-Warmth, Self-Coldness, and Eating Disorder Symptomatology Among Transgender and Nonbinary Adults.Journal of clinical psychology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study tested the efficacy of AFFIRM, a brief affirmative cognitive-behavioural group intervention tailored to reduce psychosocial distress and improve coping among sexual and gender minority adolescents and young adults (SGMY).
methodSGMY (n = 138; M age = 22.44) were allocated to immediate 8-week AFFIRM intervention delivered at 12 community-based organisations or an 8-week waitlisted control. At baseline, post-intervention or post-waitlist, participants completed self-reported assessments of depression, hope, coping, and stress appraisal. Implementation outcomes of feasibility and acceptability were also assessed.
resultsCompared to waitlist, SGMY in the intervention condition significantly reduced their depressive symptoms (b = - 5.79, p = .001) as well as increased reports of hope (agency: b = 0.84, p = .001; pathway: b = 0.79, p = .001), and coping by emotional support (b = 0.59, p < .001), instrumental support (b = 0.67, p < .001), positive framing (b = 0.59, p < .001), humour (b = 0.36, p = .014), planning (b = 0.49, p < .001) as well as reflective coping (b = 0.27, p = .009). Intervention participants were also less likely to perceive stress as a threat (b = - 0.43, p = .001), and more likely to perceive stress as challenge (b = 0.67, p < .001) and have the resources to deal with that stress (b = 0.38, p = .016) in comparison to waitlisted control participants. All outcomes had medium to large effect sizes. AFFIRM participants reported low attrition (8.5%) and high levels of engagement and acceptability (e.g. 99% agreed intervention was relevant to their lives). Over 63% of the community organizations that participated in the training hosted AFFIRM at least once during the study.
conclusionsResults demonstrate efficacy for the community-based implementation of an affirmative clinical intervention designed for SGMY to address depression and foster coping with universal and minority stressors.
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