ArticleBiology of sex differences2021
A retrospective study on sex difference in patients with urolithiasis: who is more vulnerable to chronic kidney disease?
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the efficacy and safety of holmium laser with the Moses technology and regular mode for stone treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC urology · 2023Pooled it
- Analysis of preoperative risk factors for clinical decision-making in female upper urinary tract stones: a retrospective cohort study.BMC urology · 2026Article
- A gender-based investigation of risk factors for infectious complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy for kidney stones: insight for personalized management.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Elemental composition analysis of calcium-based urinary stones via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for enhanced clinical insights.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Beyond Infection: How Antimicrobial Therapies Influence the Urinary Microbiome and Stone Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impacts of amino acid supplementation on renal function and nutritional parameters in patients with renal insufficiency: bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex disparities and the risk of urolithiasis: a large cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
- [Urolithiasis-Therapy and recurrence prevention taking into account gender-specific aspects].Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Cardiac Diagnostic Feature and Demographic Identification (CDF-DI): An IoT Enabled Healthcare Framework Using Machine Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUrolithiasis is considered a vital public health issue with a substantial burden on kidney function. Additionally, only few reports focused on the gender difference in patients with urolithiasis. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of sex difference and their potential risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with urolithiasis.
methodsPatients diagnosed with stone disease from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups by gender. Clinical demographic characteristics, stone location, stone composition, urine chemistries, and renal function were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship and potential risk of CKD between sex groups.
resultsA total of 1802 patients were included: 1312 from men and 490 from women. Female patients had a higher rate of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Male patients predominantly had calcium-containing stones, especially calcium oxalate stone, uric acid stone, and struvite stone. Carbonate apatite stone was more frequently found in women. Complex surgeries such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) were more frequently performed in women than that in men. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age > 60 years (odds ratios [ORs] = 6.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8-10.8), female sex (ORs = 5.31; 95% CI 3.3-8.4), uric acid stone (ORs = 3.55; 95% CI 2.0-6.4), hypertension (OR = 7.20; 95% CI 3.8-13.7), and diabetes (OR = 7.06; 95% CI 3.1-16.2) were independent predictors of poor prognoses in CKD.
conclusionsThe female gender is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of CKD among patients with urolithiasis. Therefore, women with stone disease may need close renal function monitoring during follow-up.
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