ArticleBMC public health2021
Spatio-temporal epidemiology of the tuberculosis incidence rate in Iran 2008 to 2018.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Geo-spatial high-risk clusters of Tuberculosis in the global general population: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 disruptions and spring surges: an interrupted time-series analysis of tuberculosis diagnostic challenges in Northeast Iran.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The epidemiology of tuberculosis infection and the Human Development Index (HDI) in Iran between 1990-2021: secondary analysis of the global burden of disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Spatio-temporal analysis of tuberculosis prevalence in Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Association between overexpression of efflux pumps genes Rv0191 and Rv3008 and pyrazinamide resistance in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a multi-center study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Analysis of Tuberculosis in Nakfa District, Eritrea: A 14 Year Spatiotemporal Study and Implications for TB Control.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Factors associated with survival of tuberculosis patients in Southeast Iran: comparison of stepwise cox regression, survival tree, and random survival forest.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal distribution and detection of spatial clusters of tuberculosis in Hubei Province, China using FleXScan (2017-2023).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Spatial Investigation of Tuberculosis Dynamics and Affecting Factors in Şanlıurfa, Türkiye (2016-2023).GeoHealth · 2025Article
- Spatial and temporal distribution patterns and factors influencing hepatitis B in China: a geo-epidemiological study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Spatial autocorrelation with environmental factors related to tuberculosis prevalence in Nepal, 2020-2023.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Comparison of Energy and Frequency of Nanosecond Q-switched ND-YAG Laser and Chlorhexidine on Reducing the Number of Oral Streptococcus Mutans Isolates: In Vitro Study :.Galen medical journal · 2025Article
- Interactions among tuberculosis, geographic environment and aerosols: evidence from the Kashgar region of China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Analysis of the spatio-temporal evolutionary characteristics of myopia among students aged 7-18 years in China: based on panel data analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effective Reproduction Number of Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Iran: A Registry-Based Study (2011-2021).Journal of research in health sciences · 2024Article
- Changes in incidence and clinical features of tuberculosis with regard to the COVID-19 outbreak in Southern Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China from 2011 to 2021.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- A gender-specific geodatabase of five cancer types with the highest frequency of occurrence in Iran.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Cancer patterns in Iran: a gender-specific spatial modelling of cancer incidence during 2014-2017.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Global, regional and national trends in tuberculosis incidence and main risk factors: a study using data from 2000 to 2021.BMC public health · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundEffective reduction of tuberculosis (TB) requires information on the distribution of TB incidence rate across time and location. This study aims to identify the spatio-temporal pattern of TB incidence rate in Iran between 2008 and 2018.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on aggregated TB data (50,500 patients) at the provincial level provided by the Ministry of Health in Iran between 2008 and 2018. The Anselin Local Moran's I and Getis-Ord Gi* were performed to identify the spatial variations of the disease. Furthermore, spatial scan statistic was employed for purely temporal and spatio-temporal analyses. In all instances, the null hypothesis of no clusters was rejected at p ≤ 0.05.
resultsThe overall incidence rate of TB decreased from 13.46 per 100,000 (95% CI: 13.19-13.73) in 2008 to 10.88 per 100,000 (95% CI: 10.65-11.11) in 2018. The highest incidence rate of TB was observed in southeast and northeast of Iran for the whole study period. Additionally, spatial cluster analysis discovered Khuzestan Province, in the West of the country, having significantly higher rates than neighbouring provinces in terms of both total TB and smear-positive pulmonary TB (SPPTB). Purely temporal analysis showed that high-rate and low-rate clusters were predominantly distributed in the time periods 2010-2014 and 2017-2018. Spatio-temporal results showed that the statistically significant clusters were mainly distributed from centre to the east during the study period. Some high-trend TB and SPPTB statistically significant clusters were found.
conclusionThe results provided an overview of the latest TB spatio-temporal status In Iran and identified decreasing trends of TB in the 2008-2018 period. Despite the decreasing incidence rate, there is still need for screening, and targeting of preventive interventions, especially in high-risk areas. Knowledge of the spatio-temporal pattern of TB can be useful for policy development as the information regarding the high-risk areas would contribute to the selection of areas needed to be targeted for the expansion of health facilities.
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