SynthesisPloS one2021
Targets for intervention to prevent substance use in young people exposed to childhood adversity: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for prevention and treatment of substance use in youth with traumatic childhood experiences: a systematic review and synthesis of the literature.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Use: The Mediating Role of Executive Function Deficits.Journal of adolescence · 2026Article
- Why Prevention Needs More Than Individual Empowerment: Reclaiming Environmental Prevention.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2026Article
- Determining adverse childhood experiences and their association with substance use among young adults in universities and colleges in Mombasa County, Kenya.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
- Adverse Effects of Non-Medical Use of Cannabis or Opioids Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Teaching Youth & Families Self-Regulation Skills to Disrupt the Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences: The THRIVE Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.Research square · 2026Article
- Childhood trauma and adolescent substance use: an integrative perspective.Future science OA · 2025Article
- Childhood conduct problems, potential snares in adolescence, and problematic substance use in Brazil.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Article
- Do internalising or externalising behaviours in adolescence mediate the child maltreatment-alcohol substance use relationship?Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Observational
- Is Childhood Adversity Before Age 5 Associated with Adolescent and Young Adult Substance Use? Findings from a U.S. Prospective Cohort Study.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Scoping review of biological and psychosocial pathways that lead from childhood adversity to early-onset substance use.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Pathways From Maltreatment to Substance Use Through Delay Discounting During Adolescence and Into Young Adulthood.JAACAP open · 2024Article
- Refining the Universal, School-Based OurFutures Mental Health Program to Be Trauma Informed, Gender and Sexuality Diversity Affirmative, and Adherent to Proportionate Universalism: Mixed Methods Participatory Design Process.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among Youth Living with HIV in Fishing Communities in Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Neuroendocrine mechanisms in the links between early life stress, affect, and youth substance use: A conceptual model for the study of sex and gender differences.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2024Review
- Experiencing violence and other predictors of within-person same-day use of multiple substances in youth: a longitudinal study in emergency settings.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Nucleus Accumbens Volume and Youth Tobacco or Marijuana Use Following Stressful Life Events.Journal of mental health & clinical psychology · 2024Article
- The Role of Perceived Stress in the Relation between Childhood Maltreatment and Severity of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Mediation Analysis.European addiction research · 2024Article
- Article
- Social and Behavioral Pathways between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Poor Adult Physical Health: Mediation by Early Adulthood Experiences in a Low-Income Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsChildhood adversity is a strong, and concerningly prevalent, risk factor for the later development of substance misuse. Yet despite substantial accumulating evidence for causal mechanisms, there has been little attempt to synthesize the strength of the evidence. Importantly, these mechanisms may be amenable to intervention, providing targets for substance use prevention among those exposed to childhood adversity. The present review aimed to systematically identify mediating and moderating mechanisms operating between childhood adversity and substance use.
methodsA systematic review was conducted. Electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL) were searched from 1998 to 2020 for modifiable mediators and moderators of the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use in people aged 10-24. Data was qualitatively synthesised, using a socio-ecological perspective to group mediators/moderators into individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy/cultural levels of behaviour.
resultsAfter screening against eligibility criteria, 50 studies were included in the current review. The mediators at the individual level of behaviour showing the largest and most consistent effect sizes included externalising behaviour, anger, coping motives for substance use, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Among individual-level moderators, religiosity, future orientation and depressive symptoms all attenuated the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use. At the interpersonal level, peer relationships and mother-child relationships mediated the effect of adversity on substance use. Moderators included family cohesion and relationship quality. Community factors were less commonly studied, though school mobility and educational achievement mediated 14% and 28% of the total effect of childhood adversity on substance use respectively. No mediators or moderators were identified for public policy/culture.
conclusionsA substantial proportion of the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use in youth is mediated through individual, interpersonal and community factors. Coupled with the knowledge that existing, evidence-based programs effectively address many of the identified mediators and moderators, this review advances knowledge on optimal targets to prevent substance misuse among those exposed to childhood adversity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.