Article3D printing in medicine2021
Introducing 3D printed models of the upper urinary tract for high-fidelity simulation of retrograde intrarenal surgery.
Article in 3D printing in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding steinstrasse: a systematic review of definitions, clinical management, and emerging perspectives in endourology.World journal of urology · 2026Pooled it
- A validated custom pipeline for three-dimensional kidney stone renderings tocreate an open access repository.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- 3D-printed models in atlantoaxial surgery training: a comparative study and questionnaire survey.Neurosurgical review · 2025Article
- Ureterorenoscopy performed by residents under expert supervision: a training approach ensuring patient safety and effectiveness.BMC urology · 2025Article
- Evaluation and validation of 3D-printed anatomical urinary system model and virtual reality RIRS simulators in RIRS training: a comparative study.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Advanced Image Segmentation and Modeling - A Review of the 2021-2022 Thematic Series.3D printing in medicine · 2023Review
- Effectiveness of a newly-developed training module using 3D printing for the navigation during retrograde intrarenal surgery.Investigative and clinical urology · 2022Article
- Application of three-dimensional printing technology in renal diseases.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Role of three dimensional (3D) printing in endourology: An update from EAU young academic urologists (YAU) urolithiasis and endourology working group.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Review
- Correction to Acknowledgement.3D printing in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTraining in retrograde intrarenal surgery for the treatment of renal stone disease is a challenging task due to the unique complexity of the procedure. This study introduces a series of 3D printed models of upper urinary tract and stones designed to improve the training process.
methodsSix different models of upper urinary tract were algorithmically isolated, digitally optimized and 3D printed from real-life cases. Soft and hard stones in different sizes were produced from 3D printed moulds. The models were fitted onto a commercially available part-task trainer and tested for retrograde intrarenal surgery.
resultsEach step of the procedure was simulated with extraordinary resemblance to real-life cases. The unique anatomical intricacy of each model and type of stones allowed us to reproduce surgeries of increasing difficulty. As the case-load required to achieve proficiency in retrograde intrarenal surgery is high, benchtop simulation could be integrated in training programs to reach good outcomes and low complication rates faster. Our models match incredible anatomical resemblance with low production cost and high reusability. Validation studies and objective skills assessment during simulations would allow comparison with other available benchtop trainers and the design of stepwise training programs.
conclusions3D printing is gaining a significant importance in surgical training. Our 3D printed models of the upper urinary tract might represent a risk-free training option to hasten the achievement of proficiency in endourology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.