ArticleGenetics and molecular biology2021
Zoonotic spillover: Understanding basic aspects for better prevention.
Article in Genetics and molecular biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Emerging Viral Zoonotic Diseases, 2016-2026.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Zoonotic pathogens in equids in Central Europe: a systematic review.BMC veterinary research · 2025Pooled it
- A bibliometric analysis of Oropouche virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of cattle on vector-borne disease risk to humans: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Animal organoids as models for integrated One Health research.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Drivers of Viral Spillover: An Examination of How Pathogens Spread.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Understanding zoonotic spillover interfaces for the design of a One Health education intervention: a qualitative baseline study from rural Thailand.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Review
- Emerging Viral Zoonoses: Epidemiology, Vaccination Strategies, and Implications for Global Public Health.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence at the frontlines: Emerging infectious and parasitic diseases in the digital era.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- One Health in the public mind: Narrative constructions of zoonotic spillovers.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Identifying host-specific patterns in viral protein sequences to predict host spillover risk in animal and plant kingdoms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- What are the vectors in European livestock farms? Case studies in Hungary and Spain.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Gut virome-microbiome interactions across hosts and environments.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Topical Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Veterinary Medicine: Advancing Animal Health Through a One Health Approach.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Rodents from Rural Localities in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.Viruses · 2026Article
- Molecular detection of vector-borne and hemotropic pathogens in raccoons (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026Review
- The bovine mammary gland as a crucible for zoonotic influenza virus emergence: Receptor-mediated adaptation of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b.Archives of virology · 2026Review
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transmission of pathogens from wild animals to humans is called "zoonotic spillover". Most human infectious diseases (60-75%) are derived from pathogens that originally circulated in non-human animal species. This demonstrates that spillover has a fundamental role in the emergence of new human infectious diseases. Understanding the factors that facilitate the transmission of pathogens from wild animals to humans is essential to establish strategies focused on the reduction of the frequency of spillover events. In this context, this article describes the basic aspects of zoonotic spillover and the main factors involved in spillover events, considering the role of the inter-species interactions, phylogenetic distance between host species, environmental drivers, and specific characteristics of the pathogens, animals, and humans. As an example, the factors involved in the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic are discussed, indicating what can be learned from this public health emergency, and what can be applied to the Brazilian scenario. Finally, this article discusses actions to prevent or reduce the frequency of zoonotic spillover events.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.