Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34095588›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2021

Emergency medicine: magnesium sulphate injections and their pharmaceutical quality concerns.

Angus Nnamdi Oli, Ezinne Janefrances Nwankwo, Chukwuebuka Emmanuel Umeyor, Ugochukwu Stanley Umeh, Jude Nnaemeka Okoyeh, Chijioke M Ofomata, Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro, Emmanuel Chinedum Otakagu, Ruth Asikiya Afunwa, Gordon C Ibeanu

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Quality of Essential Medicines from Different Sources in Enugu and Anambra, Nigeria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Angus Nnamdi OliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Ezinne Janefrances NwankwoDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Chukwuebuka Emmanuel UmeyorDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Ugochukwu Stanley UmehDepartment of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Jude Nnaemeka OkoyehDepartment of Biology and Clinical Laboratory Science, Division of Arts and Sciences, Neumann University, One Neumann Drive, Aston, PA, 19014-1298, USA.
Chijioke M OfomataDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Awka, P.M.B 5025, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem OkoroDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Chinedum OtakaguDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Ruth Asikiya AfunwaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ChukwuemekaOdumegwuOjukwu University, Igbariam Campus, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Gordon C IbeanuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Science, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA.
Nnamdi Azikiwe University · NGNnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital · NGChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University · NGNeumann University · USNorth Carolina Central University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWorld Health Organization has recognized magnesium sulphate as the drug of choice for prevention and treatment of fits associated with preeclampsia and eclampsia which are amongst the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. In this study, the pharmaceutical quality of magnesium sulphate injections marketed in Anambra state was assessed.

methodsNinety samples of magnesium sulphate obtained from the 3 senatorial zones in Anambra state were subjected to identification tests, microbiological analysis consisting of Growth promotion test, sterility and endotoxin test. Content analysis using titrimetric method and pH analysis were also carried out on the samples.

resultsTwenty percent (20%) of samples obtained from Onitsha failed identification test as they had no Registration number in Nigeria. All samples subjected to the microbiology tests (sterility and endotoxin test) passed. Twenty percent (20%) and thirty-three percent (33.3%) of samples sourced from Onitsha and Nnewi respectively failed the pH analysis test. All the samples passed microbiological tests and had their Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) within the acceptable limit.

conclusionsThis study reveals that there are still some substandard magnesium sulphate injections in circulation in the locality. The supply chain of these drugs should be monitored to ensure a reduction in the incidences of substandard magnesium sulphate and positive therapeutic outcome which translates to reduced maternal mortality associated with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Nigeria.

Indexed as

EclampsiaMagnesium sulphatePre-eclampsiaQuality drugsWomen's health

Identifiers

PMID34095588
PMCPMC8166754
OpenAlexW3164353178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.